陈新仁《英语语言学实用教程》（第2版）考研真题精选【完整内容点击文中链接获取】
1、Language is a form of human communication by means of a system of _____ principally transmitted by vocal sounds.[中山大学2017研]
【答案】symbols
【解析】Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication.
【答案】syllable
【解析】音节是超音段研究中的一个重要单位。音节必须有一个“节核”或者“韵峰”，通常由元音来承担，但有时也可以由具有成音节特征的辅音来起节核的作用，通常在节核的前后还可以有辅音丛的出现。
A. resolution
B. resident
C. restart
D. resignation
【答案】C
【解析】/s/在restart中位于清辅音前，所以被轻音化。
A. Input Hypothesis
B. Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
C. Interlanguage
D. Contrastive Analysis
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查中介语的含义。中介语是指第二语言学习者建构起来的介于母语和目的语之间的过渡性语言，它处于不断的发展变化过程中，并逐渐向目的语靠近。
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5、 Explain the following terms:Orientational metaphor[中山大学2011年研]
【答案】Orientational metaphor means that human experiences with physical objects provide the basis for ways of viewing events, activities, emotions, ideas, etc., as entities and substances. It gives a concept a spatial orientation. They are characterized not so much by structuring one concept in terms of another, but by a co-occurrence in our experience. The orientational metaphors are grounded in an experiential basis, which link together the two parts of the metaphor. For example, “I’m feeling up.” and “I’m feeling down.” implicate that “I’m happy” and “I’m sad”.
6、In the present day, the stability of _____ seems to be decreasing. [东南大学2002年研]
A. social-class dialect
B. idiolect
C. taboo
D. regional dialect
【答案】D
【解析】地域方言的特点。随着人们日常交流的增加，地域方言的稳定性在逐步下降。
7、True or False：Language acquisition refers to the process involved in creating and expressing meaning through language.
【答案】F
【解析】语言产出是一个通过语言来表达意义的过程。
……
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