第1单元 本杰明•富兰克林
1. Why did Franklin write his Autobiography?
Key: Because when he was young, he has “never had a pleasure in obtaining any anecdotes” of his ancestors, and he held that it was a great pity because he was curious about them. So, he thought that his son would also want to know the story of him and he himself also had responsibility to share it with his son. In addition, he thought that his experiences and success would give some useful advice to his son. With such consideration in mind, Franklin wrote his autobiography.
2. What made Franklin decide to leave the brother to whom he had been apprenticed?
Key: The altercation between Franklin and his brother made him decide to leave. His brother considered himself as Franklin’s master and treated him harshly and tyrannically. This kind of treatment annoyed Franklin, so he decided to leave.
3. How did he arrive in Philadelphia?
Key: He arrived in Philadelphia with great difficulties. At the very start, he set out in a boat for Amboy, and in crossing the bay he, along with his companions, met with a squall that tore the rotten sails to pieces and drove him upon Long Island. On approaching the island, they had to drop anchor and swim out their cable towards the shore, etc. In a word, he went through many hardships on the way to Philadelphia.
4. What features do you find in the style of the above selection?
Key: This selection is written in the form of letters to his son. By this way, it can show the author’s honesty and frankness, which will make the reader stand close to him and actually feel and understand his emotions and experiences. Another feature is that this biography has a good narrative and reads like a story, which can arouse the readers’ reading interest and curiosity.
陶洁《美国文学选读》（第3版）笔记和课后习题（含考研真题）详解
第2单元 埃德加•爱伦•坡
1. Who is the narrator? What wrong does he want to redress?
Key: Montresor is the narrator. He had borne thousand injuries of Fortunato as best he could, and he decides to take revenge on him. He must not only punish Fortunato but punish with impunity.
2. What is the pretext he uses to lure Fortunato to his wine cellar?
Key: He said to Fortunato that he got a pipe of Amontillado, and he was doubt about it, so he wanted someone to make sure for him. At the same time, he deliberately showed his doubts about Fortunato’s connoisseurship in wine and cared about his health, which firmed Fortunato’s decision to go with him to his wine cellar.
3. What happens to Fortunato in the end?
Key: He was locked in the cellar by Montresor, and can only wait for death.
4. Describe briefly how Poe characterizes Montresor and Fortunato as contrasts?
Key: Poe characterizes the two characters with striking contrasts between them in many aspects. Firstly, their names are endowed with opposite symbolic meanings: Montresor symbolizes “monstrous”, while Fortunato symbolizes “fortunate”. Montresor is the devil in the story, and Fortunato is fortunate through his life and makes great fortune, but finally, he ends in a very unfortunate way, which is very ironical. Secondly, their clothes are very different: Fotrtunato “wore motley”, while Montresor put on “a mask of black silk” and drew “a roquelaire” closely about his person. Last, their psychological activities and consciousness are in contrast: Montresor knows clearly what is going on and what will happen, while Fortunato is always kept in the dark till the end.
【完整版】 达聪网 陶洁《美国文学选读》（第3版）笔记和课后习题（含考研真题）详解
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