2025年全国职称英语等级考试（理工类B级）核心词汇全突破

【内容节选】 一级词汇（一级词汇是基础词汇，是最简单的词汇）Aan [An;En] art. ①一（个）‖②每一（个）‖③(同类事物中的)任何一个ABC. [,eibi:5si:] n.①字母表‖②基础知识about [5Ebaut] prep. ①在…周围‖②关于，对于adv. ①附近，周围，到处‖②大约above [E5bQv] prep. 在…之上，高于adj. 上述的，上面的adv. ①在上面，往上‖②更多【搭配】above all尤其是，最主要的是across [E5krCs] prep. ①横过，穿过‖②在…的对面‖③交叉‖④经过(一段时间)adv. ①横过，穿过‖②在另一边act [Akt] vi. ①行动，做‖②起作用‖③表演vt. ①扮演(角色)‖②装作n. ①行为，行动‖②法令，条例‖③(戏剧的)一幕【例句】She acted her part well. 她扮演的那个角色很成功。【词组】act against违反act as担任，充当act on作用于，影响act up捣蛋；发作，出毛病after [5B:ftE] prep. 在…以后，在…后面adv. 以后，后来conj. 在…以后afternoon [5B:ftE5nu:n] n. 下午，午后again [E5^ein,E5^en] adv. ①再，又‖②(回)到原处，恢复原状【词组】again and again反复地now and again不时地，常常地time and again反复地，一次又一次地against [E5^enst,E5^einst] prep. ①逆，反(对)，违反‖②紧靠着，倚在‖③与…对照，对比age [eidV] n. ①年龄‖②时代v. (使)变老，(使)老化ago [E5^Eu] adv. 以前air [eE(r)] n. ①大气，空气‖②态度，神态vt. 通风【例句】The program airs daily. 这节目每日播放。【词组】by air①通过航空途径‖②用无线电on the air在广播up in the air尚未决定airport [5eEpC:t] n. 飞机场all [C:l] adj. ①全部的，整个的‖②非常的，极度的adv. 完全地，十分地pron. 全体，一切【词组】above all首先，尤其是after all终究，毕竟all over到处，遍及in all总计almost [5C:lmEust] adv. 几乎，差不多along [E5lCN] prep. 沿着adv. 向前【词组】all along始终，一直along with 沿（顺）着；连同…一起；与…一道；随同…一起come along出现；一起来；陪伴；进步also [5C:lsEu] adv. ①也，同样‖②而且，还【搭配】not only...but also…不但…而且…always [5C:lwEz,5C:lweiz] adv. ①总是，一向‖②始终，永远America [E5merikE] n. ①美洲‖②美国American [E5merikEn] adj. ①美洲(人)的‖②美国(人)的n. ①美洲人‖②美国人among(st) [E5mQN] prep. 在…之中，在…中间and [And;End, nd] conj. ①和，与，加‖②那么，则animal[5AnimEl] n. & adj. 动物 (的)，兽类(的)another [E5nQTE] adj. 另一个，又，再pron. 另一个，类似的一个【词组】one another互相answer [5B:nsE] v. 回答，答复n. 回答，答复【词组】answer for ①对…负责‖②保证ant [Ant] n. 蚁any [5eni] adj. ①一些，什么[用于否定、疑问、条件句]‖②任何的pron. 任何一个，无论哪个，无论哪些anybody [5eni7bCdi] pron. ①某人，随便哪一个人‖②无论谁，任何人‖③任何人[用于否定、疑问、条件句中]anyone =anybody [5eniwQn] pron. (用于疑问句，否定式)任何人anything [5eniWiN] pron. ①任何事，任何东西[用于否定、疑问、条件句中]‖②无论什么东西(事情)【例句】They aren’t anything like last year’s team. 他们压根儿不喜欢去年的球队。【词组】anything but根本不是，除…以外决不as...as anything非常apple[5Apl] n. 苹果April[5eiprEl] n. 四月area [5ZEriE] n. ①地区②面积③范围，领域arm [B:m] n. ①手臂，前肢‖②支架，扶手‖③( pl. )武器vt. 武装，装备【例句】The soldiers armed for battle. 战士们拿起武器准备战斗。【词组】arm in arm臂挽着臂【派生】armed adj. 武装的；有扶手的；有防卫器官的（指动物）army [5B:mi] n. ①军队‖②一大批，一大群around [E5raund] adv. ①在周围‖②到处‖③大约prep. 在…周围，在…附近【例句】①They look around but Mary isalready gone. 他们往四周看看，但玛丽已经不在了。②The yard is fenced around. 院子四周都围有篱笆。【词组】all around四处，到处art [B:t] n. ①艺术，美术‖②( pl.)人文学科【例句】Cooking is an art in China. 在中国烹饪是一门艺术。as [As] conj. ①在(当)…的时候‖②由于，因为‖③像，像…一样prep. 作为，看作adv. 同样地，一样地【例句】①The child sang as sweetly as anightingale. 这孩子歌唱得同夜莺般婉转。②As she’s been ill perhaps she’ll need some help. 她由于生病可能需要些帮助。【词组】as…as像…一样as for/to至于，关于as if/though好像，仿佛as it is实际上as it were可以说，在某种程度上not as/so…as和…不一样as such就象这样做，就本身而论as a rule通常，总的来说=usually, generallyas a rule of thumb大概来说ask [B:sk] vt. ①问，询问‖②请求，要求‖③邀请vi. ①问‖②要求，请求【词组】ask for help请求帮忙ask after探问，问起…健康情况ask for要求，找（人），向…要求…at [At, Et] prep. ①在…时‖②在…中‖③在…方面‖④向，朝‖⑤(表示速度、价格等)以August[5C:^Est] n. 八月aunt [B:nt] n. 姨母，姑母，伯母，婶母，舅母，阿姨autumn[5C:tEm] n. ①秋，秋季‖②成熟期，渐衰期【例句】Leaves fall off the trees in theautumn. 秋天，树叶纷纷从树上掉下来。【派生】autumnal adj. 秋天的；已过中年的away [E5wei] adv. 离开，远离【词组】far away from远离；离…远do away with废除，去掉；弄死right away马上，立即Bbaby [5beibi] n. ①婴儿‖②幼畜，雏鸟back [bAk] n. ①背面，背部‖②后部，后面adj. 后面的，背后的adv. ①回去，倒回②朝后面，在后面vt. ①支持‖②后退【例句】He backed the car out of the garage. 他把车倒退着开出车库。【搭配】back and forth来回地，前后地back up支持bad [bAd] adj. ①坏的，恶的‖②有害的，不利的‖③(质量等)低劣的，(能力等)拙劣的，(食物等)腐败的，臭的‖④严重的，厉害的bag [bA^] n. ①袋，口袋‖②手提包，钱包【例句】They bagged the potatoes to sell them. 他们把土豆装入袋中出售。ball [bC:l] n. ①球，球状物‖②(正规的)大型舞会balloon [bE5lu:n] n. 气球banana[bE5nB:nE] n. 香蕉basket[bB:skit] n. 筐，篮，篓basketball [5bB:skitbC:l] n. 篮球(运动)be [bi:,bi] vi. ①是，就是‖②在，存在aux.v. ①[与动词的现在分词连用，构成名种进行时态]‖②[与及物动词的过去分词连用，构成被动语态]‖③[后接动词不定式，表示安排，计划做某事等]because [bi5kCz,bE5kCz, bi5kEz] conj. 因为【例句】①He eats because of greed, nothunger.他不是因为饿了，而是因为贪嘴才吃的。②I criticized him, not because I hate him but because I love him.我批评他不是因为我恨他，而是因为我爱他。【搭配】because of因为；由于become [bi5kQm] v. 变得，变成【例句】What has become of the old garden? 这座古老的花园变成什么样子了?bed [bed] n.①床‖②花坛；河床，矿床【例句】Life isn’t a bed of roses. 人生并非事事称心如意。【词组】in bed在床上；卧床go to bed上床睡觉bedroom [5bedrum] n. 卧室bee [bi:] n. 蜂，蜜蜂beef [bi:f] n. 牛肉beer [biE] n. 啤酒before [bi5fC:] prep. ①在…前面‖②在…以前conj. 在…以前adv. 以前，从前begin [bi5^in] v. 开始，着手behind [bi5haind] prep. ①在…后面‖②迟于，落后于adv. 在后，迟，慢【例句】①He’s behind in handing in homework. 他没能按时交家庭作业。②The train was behind time. 火车晚点了。【搭配】fall behind落后from behind从…后面drop behind落…之后；落伍go behind进一步斟酌；探究come from behind迎头赶上below [bi5lEu] prep. 在…下面，下方adv. 在下面，向下beside [bi5said] prep. ①在…旁边，在…附近‖②与…相比【例句】His argument is beside the subject. 他的议论离开主题了。between [bi5twi:n] prep. 在…之间，在(两者)之间adv. 在中间bicycle [5baisikl] n. 自行车big [bi^] adj. ①大的，重的‖②重要的，重大的【例句】①That new popular singer is abig draw. 那位新流行歌手很能吸引听众。②The big moment has come at last. 重要时刻终于到来了。【搭配】a big talker爱吹牛的人a man with a bigheart一个度量宽宏的人in a big way大规模地，彻底地big family大家庭big deal大人物；了不起的事bike [baik] n. 自行车【例句】I want to have a ride of that bike. 我想骑一骑那辆自行车。【搭配】by bike 骑自行车；骑单车ride a bike 骑自行车bike way自行车道bird [bE:d] n. 鸟，禽【例句】I woke up and was greeted by bird song. 我一觉醒来，鸟鸣之声不绝于耳。birthday [5bE:Wdei] n. ①生日‖②(成立)纪念日black [blAk] adj. ①黑色的‖②黑暗的n. ①黑色‖②黑人【例句】①The sky looks black andthreatening. 天色阴沉可怕。②The future looks black. 前途暗淡。③Discrimination against Blacks is still common. 歧视黑人仍是普遍现象。【搭配】black news坏消息black despair绝望black and blue遍体鳞伤in black andwhite白纸黑字in black穿黑衣服in the black赢利；有盈余black market黑市；黑市交易black man黑人；小人black horse黑马；黑骏马blackboard [5blAkbC:d] n. 黑板blue [blu:] adj. ①蓝色的‖②脸色发灰的‖③忧郁的，沮丧的n. 蓝色【例句】①She looks blue. 她看上去情绪低落。②His face was blue with cold. 他的脸冻得发紫。【同义】gloom, depressed spirits【助记】blue 蓝色代表忧郁boat [bEut] n. ①小船，艇‖②船形物vi. 划船body [5bCdi] n. ①身体，躯体‖②车身，船身‖③正文，主要部分【例句】Exercise is to the body what thinking is to the brain. 运动和身体的关系，如同思考和头脑的关系。【搭配】main body 主体，主要部分；主船体；机身in a body 全体，整体whole body 全身body weight 体重in body 亲自bone [bEun] n. 骨头，骨状物【例句】①Our budget has been pared tothe bone. 我们的预算已削减到最低限度。②She made no bones about telling her husband she wanted a divorce. 她坦率地告诉她丈夫，她要离婚。【词组】have a bone to pick with有理由来抱怨或争论make no bones about直言不讳book [buk] n. ①书本，书籍，手册‖②卷，册vt. 预定(票、座位等)【例句】He was booked by the referee for foul play. 他因为动作犯规而被裁判记下姓名。【词组】book in办理登记手续book for预订borrow [5bCrEu] vt. ①借(东西)，借入‖②采用，模仿【例句】Handel borrowed music from other composers. 韩德尔的作品借鉴了其他作曲家的乐曲。【词组】borrow from向…借both [bEuW] adj. 两个…(都)pron. 两者(都)，双方(都)【搭配】both...and...既…又…，不但…而且bottle [5bCtl] n. ①瓶子‖②(流体)容器【例句】They drank a whole bottle!他们喝了一整瓶酒！【词组】a bottle of一瓶bowl [bEul] n. 碗，钵【例句】I have a bowl of cereal every morning. 我每天早晨吃一碗麦片粥。【搭配】rice bowl饭碗；水稻种植区a bowl of rice一碗米饭box [bCks] n. ①盒子，箱子‖②(戏院的)包厢【派生】boxing n. 拳击；装箱；围模；做箱的材料boy [bCi] n. ①男孩‖②侍者，服务员【例句】Don’t cry, you are a big boy now. 别哭，你现在已经是大男孩了。【搭配】boy friend男朋友big boy大亨，大人物boyfriend [5bCIfrend] n. 男朋友bread [bred] n. ①面包‖②食物，生计【例句】①He earns his bread by writing. 他以写作为生。②The bread is baking in the oven. 烤箱里正在烤面包。【搭配】the bread of life活命粮steamed bread馒头daily bread日常食品；生计a piece of bread一片面包breakfast [5brekfEst] n. 早饭bridge [bridV] n. ①桥，桥梁‖②桥牌【例句】The bridge is not strong enough to allow the passage of vehicles. 这座桥不够牢固，车辆不能通行。【助记】字母“g”代表女孩(girl)，新娘（bride）出嫁，告别女孩时代，也标志着跨过了人生一座桥（bridge）。【派生】bridgeable adj. 可架桥的bright [brait] adj. ①明亮的，光明的，晴朗的‖②欢快的，兴高采烈的‖③聪明的‖④(颜色)鲜艳的bring [briN] vt. ①拿来，带来‖②引起，导致‖③劝使，迫使‖④使处于某种状态【例句】①Springbrings warm weather and flowers. 随着春天的到来，天气和暖，百花盛开。②This music brings back memories. 音乐唤起了我的记忆。【词组】bring about引起，带来，产生bring forward提出(建议、结论、观点等)bring up提出；教育；养育；呕出bring in引进；生产；增加bring (a)round说服，使恢复bring down打倒，挫伤，降低bring off使实现，做成brother [5brQTE] n. ①兄弟，兄或弟‖②同胞brown [braun] n. & adj. 棕色(的)，褐色(的)【例句】He had brown skin. 他的皮肤是棕色的【搭配】dark brown 深棕色；深褐色building [5bildiN] n. 房屋，建筑物bus [bQs] n. 公共汽车busy [5bizi] adj. ①忙的，忙碌韵‖②热闹的，繁忙的‖③(电话)占线的【例句】①The line is busy. 占线。②He is busy with some important work. 他正忙于处理一些重要的事情。【搭配】be busy with work忙于工作be busy (in)doing忙于做什么keep sb. busydoing sth.使某人忙于做某事but [bEt,bQt] conj. 但是，可是，而prep. 除去adv. 仅仅，只【例句】①But for the safety-belt Iwouldn’t be alive today. 若没有安全带，我就不能活到今天。②There is no one here but me. 除我以外，没人在这。【搭配】but for若非，如果没有buy [bai] v. 购买，交易【词组】buy in大宗买进buy off行贿，收买buy out买下…的全部股份by [bai] prep. ①靠近，在…一边‖②不迟于‖③经…，取道…‖④通过…(方式、手段等)达到‖⑤根据，按照‖⑥由，被adv. 在近旁，经过【例句】①It is fun eating by stealthwithout being found. 偷吃而不被人发现很有趣。②He sent me a package by post. 他邮寄给我一个包裹。③You must be back by four o’clock. 你务必在4点前回来。【词组】by oneself 独自地，单独by air，(railway，sea，plane，bus，etc. )乘飞机(火车、轮船、飞机、公共汽车等)by and by渐渐地，不久by the way顺便提一句by chance偶然bye [bai] int. 再见Ccafé [5kAfei] n. 咖啡馆，酒吧【例句】Let’s sit down on that café. 我们到那家咖啡馆休息一下。cage [keidV] n. 笼子【例句】The canary was trilling away in its cage. 那只金丝雀在笼中鸣啾。cake [keik] n. ①饼，蛋糕‖②块【例句】We soon dispatched the chocolate cake. 我们很快就吃完了那个巧克力蛋糕。【搭配】a piece of cake小菜一碟call [kCl;kC:l] vt. ①叫，喊‖②把…称呼为‖③打电话vi. ①叫，叫喊‖②访问，拜访‖③打电话n. ①叫，喊‖②号召‖③访问，拜访‖④(一次)电话，通话【例句】The teacher called me down for disobedience. 因我不听话，老师训斥了我。【词组】call for①邀约，去接‖②要求，需要call off取消，放弃call on①拜访‖②约请，指派‖③号召call up①给某人打电话‖②引起回忆call forth使产生，引起，使起作用camera [5kAmErE] n. 照相机，摄影机，摄像机camp [kAmp] n. 营地，野营vi. 宿营，扎营【例句】They camped themselves by a river. 他们在一条河边扎了营。can1 [kAn,kEn] aux.v. ①能，会‖②可能‖③可以【例句】①I can carry both suitcases. 我可以搬动两个箱子。②The President can veto congressional bills. 总统有权否决国会提案。【搭配】as…as one can尽可能的can’t but do不得不can’t help doing禁不住做can’t...too…再…也不为过can2 [kAn, kEn] n. ①容器‖②听，罐头vt. (把食品)装罐【搭配】beverage can易拉罐；饮料罐头；饮料罐【派生】canned adj. 罐装的；录音的car [kB:(r)] n. ①车，汽车‖②(火车)车厢card [kB:d] n. ①卡片，名片‖②请帖，入场券‖③纸牌【例句】①What’s this card good for? 这卡片有什么用?②He lost his credit card. 他丢了信用卡。carrot [5kArEt] n. 胡萝卜【例句】This is a policy of (the) stick and (the) carrot. 这是一个胡萝卜加大棒的政策，又打又拉的政策。【助记】car(汽车)＋rot(烂了)→汽车上装的胡萝卜烂了cat [kAt] n. 猫，猫科动物cell [sel] n. ①细胞‖②电池‖③小房间‖④小牢房，单人牢房【例句】She was found prostrate on the floor of the cell. 有人发现她趴在小屋的地板上。cheap [tFi:p] adj. ①便宜的，廉价的‖②低劣的，劣质的【例句】Cheap things are not good; good things are not cheap. 好货不便宜，便宜无好货。【助记】车(che)虽然有一(a)点儿破（p），但是很便宜。chicken [5tFikin] n. ①小鸡‖②鸡肉child [tFaild] n. ( pl. children) 儿童，孩子【例句】He’s still but a child. 他仅仅是个小孩子。【派生】childish adj. 幼稚的，孩子气的China [5tFainE] n. 中国Chinese [5tFai5ni:z] adj. ①中国(人)的‖②汉语的n. ①中国人‖②汉语chocolate [5tFRklEt] n. ①巧克力(糖)‖②深褐色【例句】We covered the cakes with chocolate sprinkles. 我们给蛋糕洒上巧克力末。cinema [5sinimE] n. ①电影院‖②影片，电影【词组】television cinema电视影院city [5siti] n. 都市，城市【例句】The parks of this city are famous for their ornate fountains. 这个城市的公园以其华丽的喷泉而著名。【搭配】garden city 花园城市city planning 城市规划modern city 现代城市class [klB:s] n. ①班级‖②阶级，等级‖③(一堂)课‖④门类，种类【例句】①We were both in the same class.那时我们在同一个班。②She is attending evening classes in computer studies. 她在夜校上电脑课。【搭配】in class在课堂上；上课中first class头等，第一流；最高级economy class（飞机上的）经济舱位【同义】category divisionclassmate [5kla:smeit] n. 同班同学【例句】I will see to the sick classmate. 我会照顾那个生病的同学。classroom [5klB:sru:m] n. 教室【例句】On entering the classroom, I found a book lying on the floor. 一走进教室，我就发现一本书丢在地上。clean [kli:n] adj. 干净的，清洁的vt. 把…弄干净，擦净【例句】①The burglars cleaned her out ofall her jewellery. 窃贼把她所有的首饰都偷走了。②The mayor is determined to clean up the city. 市长决心清除市内的不良现象。【词组】clean out扫除，清除clean up处理；安置clear [klir;kliE] adj. ①光亮的，清澈的‖②条理清楚的，清晰的‖③晴(天)的vt. ①清除，收走‖②使明白，使清楚‖③晴朗起来【例句】He cleared out before the police arrived. 警察尚未来到，他就急忙溜掉了。【词组】make clear显示；解释清楚clear up①(天气)放晴‖②清理，收拾clear off离去clear out逃走clear away把…清除掉，收拾clear one’sthroat清嗓子clever [5klevE(r)] adj. 聪明的，灵巧的【例句】My brother is clever at dealing with business. 我弟弟善于经商。【词组】be clever at擅长于；善于使用【派生】cleverness n. 聪明；机灵climb [klaim] v. & n. ①攀登，爬‖②上升【例句】The road climbs steeply for several miles. 这条路有几英里向上倾斜得很陡。【词组】climb up爬上去climb over翻过；翻越clock [klCk] n. 钟【例句】The coachclocked his men for each one thousand meters while they ran Marathon.运动员们跑马拉松时教练记下了他们每跑一千米所用的时间。【词组】clock in 打卡上班；记录上班时间close [klEuz] v. ①关闭‖②结束adj. ①接近的‖②亲密的，亲近的‖③周密的，仔细的‖④结束的n. 结束，终结【例句】Nuclear physics is a closed book to most of us. 我们大多数人对原子核物理学一窍不通。cloth [klC(:)W] n. 布，织物，衣料【例句】①Textile workers favoured protectionbecause they feared an influx of cheap cloth.纺织工人拥护贸易保护措施，因为他们担心涌入廉价纺织品。②This piece of cloth was eaten by a moth.这块布被蠹虫蛀坏了。【搭配】cotton cloth棉布table cloth桌布clothes [klEuTz] n. 衣服【例句】①We have to wear woolen clothesin the cold winter. 寒冷的冬天，我们不得不穿毛织品。②The beggar shivered in his scanty clothes. 乞丐穿着单薄，冻得发抖。【搭配】clothes rack衣架clothes shop服装店cloud [klaud] n. ①云‖②一缕，一群‖③阴影【例句】The thick mist clouded the mountain-top. 浓雾笼罩着山顶。cloudy [5klaudi] adj. ①多云的，阴天的‖②似云的‖③模糊不清的【例句】Cloudy mornings give way to clear evenings. [谚]早晨云遮日，晚上星满天。club [klQb] n. ①俱乐部，夜总会‖②棍棒，球棒【例句】The tennis club has organized a dance. 网球俱乐部组织了一次舞会。coat [kEut] n. ①上衣，外套‖②表皮‖③(油漆等)涂层vt. ①给…穿上外套‖②在…上涂(盖、包)【例句】Pills are sometimes coated with sugar. 药丸有时包上一层糖衣。coffee [5kCfi] n. ①咖啡‖②咖啡色【例句】He put some sugar into his coffee. 他往咖啡里加了些糖。coin [kCin] n. 硬币【例句】①He reversed the coin andexamined it carefully. 他把硬币倒过来，仔细检查。②He put a coin into the insertion slot. 他往投币孔投入一枚硬币。cold [kEuld] adj. ①寒冷的‖②冷淡的‖③冷静的n. ①伤风，感冒‖②寒冷【例句】①The cold has frosted thewindows.寒冷的天气使窗子上结满了霜。②After losing my job it was coldcomfort to be told I’d won the office raffle.我失去工作以后，听说我抽中了公司的奖券，有同画饼。【词组】have a cold患感冒catch a cold伤风，感冒colo(u)r [5kQlE] n. ①颜色，颜料‖②脸色，肤色vt. 给…着色，染色【例句】What colour did you paint the door? 你把门漆成什么颜色？【派生】colorful adj. 华美的；有趣的；富有色彩的colored adj. 有色的；着色的；有色人种的come [kQm] vi. ①来，到来‖②出现‖③成为，是【例句】Your family should always come before your job. 你的家庭应该比你的工作重要。【词组】come about发生，产生come across不期而遇come out①算出‖②显现‖③出版，发表come to①苏醒‖②共计come up出现，走上前来come up with提出computer [kEm5pju:tE(r)] n. 计算机，电脑【例句】We make copies of our computer disks as a safeguard against accidents. 我们复制了计算机磁盘以防意外。cool [ku:l] adj. ①凉的，凉爽的‖②沉着的‖③不动感情的v. ①(使)冷却‖②(使)冷静【例句】①Even when you argue, you shouldtry to keep cool. 即使在争辩时，你也要尽力保持冷静。②He is a cool hand. 他这个人脸皮很厚。【词组】cool one’s anger息怒cool one’sinterest in对…失去兴趣cool it冷静下来；轻松cool down/off冷却，（使）冷静下来stay cool保持冷静play it cool抑制住感情，沉着冷静keep cool保持冷静；保持凉爽；镇定自若blow one’s cool沉不住气cost [kCst] n. 价格，成本，费用v. 花费，(使)损失【词组】at all costs不惜任何代价（＝at any cost）at the cost of以…为代价at cost 按成本；照原价cotton [5kCtn] n. 棉花，棉【例句】India exports tea and cotton to many different countries. 印度向许多国家出口茶叶和棉花。【词组】cotton to/with喜欢；赞成【派生】cottony adj. 棉的；像棉样的；起毛的；柔软的could [kud] aux.v. [can的过去时]可以，能【例句】①We could see the oil bleedingout from the joint. 我们可以看到油从接缝处渗出。②If I could go with you, I should feel very glad. 假如我能同你们一起去，我会感到非常高兴。【词组】could not (help)but不能不who could have/nobodycould have谁/没人会could have done本能够…，本可以…country [5kQntri] n. & adj.①国家(的)‖②农村(的)【例句】The country is very green in spring. 春天的时候，乡村一片青葱碧绿。【助记】拆分：count—数，ry—荣誉countryside [5kQntrisaid] n. 乡村【例句】They have a summer residence in the countryside. 他们在乡间有夏季住宅。cousin [5kQzn] n. 堂(表)兄弟或姐妹cow [kau] n. 母牛，奶牛【例句】The cow has produced a calf. 这母牛生了一头小牛。cry [krai] v. & n. ①叫喊‖②哭泣(声)‖③迫切需要【例句】The garden is crying out for rain. 花园急需雨水。【词组】cry off毁约；食言；取消（契约等）cry out for急需；迫切需要cry on恳求；祈求cry over为…而哭cry up夸奖；推崇【助记】分析：cr—“超人” 的拼音首字母；y—外形像树杈；记忆方法：超人坐在树杈上哭cup [kQp] n. ①杯子‖②一杯的量‖③奖杯v. (使) 成杯形【例句】He cupped his cold hands round the cup of hot chocolate. 他用冰凉的手捧起一杯滚热的巧克力饮料。【词组】a cup of 一杯…cut [kQt] v. & n. ①切，割‖②削减【例句】①The water was cut for 2 hours yesterdaywhile the road was being repaired. 昨天因修路断水两小时。②You must cut expenses this month. 这个月你必须缩减开支。【词组】cut across抄近路穿过cut back①急忙返回‖②削减，缩减cut down①砍倒，削减‖②减价cut in①插话‖②插入cut off①(突然)中止‖②切断cut out①切去‖②删除Ddad [dAd] n. (口) 爸爸，爹爹【例句】My dad spent $500 on a new coat and my mom had a cow.我爸爸花了500美元买了一件外套，妈妈顿时气不打一处来。dairy [5deEri] n. ①牛奶场‖②乳品店，乳制品【例句】The national media published the information about the toxic dairy. 国家的媒体发布了关于有毒牛奶的报道。dance [5dB:ns] vi. 跳舞n. ①舞蹈‖②舞会【例句】The show was a miscellany of song and dance. 那场演出是又有歌曲又有舞蹈的混合表演。【词组】dance with与…跳舞dance to music随着音乐跳舞dark [dB:k] adj. ①黑暗的‖②深色的‖③秘密的n. 黑暗，暗处【例句】She is dark in complexion. 她的肤色微黑。【词组】in the dark在暗中，秘密地daughter [5dC:tE] n. 女儿【例句】The parents were keen that their daughter should become musician. 父母渴望他们的女儿成为音乐家。【搭配】adopted daughter养女only daughter独生女eldest daughter长女daughter-in-law儿媳妇day [dei] n. ①一日‖②白天【例句】①We traveled day and nightwithout stopping. 我们日夜兼程地旅行。②In his day, Mendoza enjoyed tremendous popularity. 门杜萨在全盛时期极受人们欢迎。【词组】all day(long)一天到晚day and night日日夜夜day by day成天，天天every other day每隔一天one day(过去或将来)某一天some day(将来)总有一天，(日后)某天the day aftertomorrow后天the day beforeyesterday前天the other day前几天dead [ded] adj. ①死的‖②无知觉的‖③无声响的adv. ①完全地‖②直接地【例句】①He then fell, like a dead dog,to the earth. 然后他像一条死狗一样，倒在了地上。②My father has been dead for ten years. 我父亲已经去世十年了。【词组】a dead loss无可弥补的损失dead on完全正确的；十分精确的（等于dead-on）dead sea死海dead end死胡同，尽头dear [diE] adj. ①亲爱的‖②贵重的，昂贵的‖③宝贵的n. 亲爱的人[常作称呼]int. 哎呀!天哪!【例句】①He is my dearest friend. 他是我最亲爱的朋友。②Fruit is dear at this time of year. 一年中这个时候水果是很贵的。【助记】drear大屁股沉闷忧郁（d形象代码为“大”，rear＝屁股）。December [di5sembE] n. 十二月deep [di:p] adj. ①深的，深长的‖②深奥的‖③强烈的adv. 深深地【例句】The children were swimming in a deepriver. 孩子们在一条深河里游泳。【词组】deep in 深陷(于)，专心致力(于)，埋头(于)；沉湎于…中，全神贯注的【派生】depth n. [海洋] 深度；深奥deer [diE] n. 鹿【例句】The hunter hit at a deer with his gun.猎人举枪向鹿射去。desk [desk] n. 书桌，办公桌【例句】He whisked the dust off his desk with a cloth. 他用一块布把桌子的灰尘掸掉。【搭配】desk lamp台灯information desk服务台，问询处reception desk接待处（等于front desk）desk set一套办公用具registrationdesk登记处die [dai] vi. ①死，死亡‖②枯萎【例句】①The winds died down. 风渐渐平息了②Many people die of starvation during famines every year. 每年发生饥荒时都有许多人饿死。【词组】die down①渐弱‖②平息‖③枯萎die off①(植物)相继枯死‖②(声音)渐渐消失die out①消失‖②不复存在die of因…致死die from死于；因…而死die away（风，声音）渐息，渐弱never say die 不要失望【助记】谍〈die〉报工作危险，多是九死一生dinner [5dinE] n. ①正餐‖②宴会【例句】We gave a dinner in honor of our guests. 我们设宴款待客人。【词组】invite sb. to dinner请某人吃饭put the dinneron把饭摆上桌have dinner 吃晚饭dinner party宴会dinner table餐桌at dinner用餐；吃晚餐；正在用餐，正在吃饭family dinner家宴；家里聚会吃饭gala dinner晚宴make dinner做晚餐dish [diF] n. ①碟，盘‖②菜肴，一道菜【例句】①A wooden dish is a dish made ofwood. 木盘是木制的盘子。②Mum put a dish of vegetable on the table. 妈妈在桌上放了一碟蔬菜。【词组】do the dishes 洗餐具；洗碗碟main dish 主菜；主碟side dish 配菜；小菜；加菜dish washer 洗碟机；洗碗人员do [du:] aux.v. ①[构成疑问句和否定句]‖②[代替动词]‖③[加强语气]vt. ①做‖②完成‖③产生vi. ①做，行动，进行‖②可以【例句】They don’t want to work. 他们不想工作。【词组】do away with废除，去掉do one’s best尽力havenothing/something to do with与…无关/有关do up 整理；刷新；修缮；使精疲力尽；扎捆doctor [5dCktE] n. ①医生‖②博士【例句】①The doctor examined hercarefully. 医生仔细检查了她的身体。②He was doctored at Harvard. 他在哈佛大学获得博士学位dog [dC^] n. 狗【例句】①Thepostman ran away with the dog nipping at his heel. 邮递员跑开了，狗在身后紧追着要咬他。②Every dog has his day. 人人皆有得意时。【搭配】put on the dog摆架子let sleeping dogs lie [口语]莫惹是非，别惹麻烦，不自找麻烦；别多事[亦作]don’twake a sleeping dog]dog food狗食；一文不值，分文不值rain cats and dogs下倾盆大雨big dog看门狗； [美俚] 大人物lazy dog懒汉，懒家伙lucky dog[俚]幸运儿black dog沮丧【助记】分析：do―做；g―“狗”的拼音首字母；记忆方法：我不想做狗doll [dCl] n. 玩具娃娃【例句】I like that lovely doll. 我喜欢那只可爱的娃娃。【助记】音：“倒”。解：永不倒的玩具是什么玩具? 不倒翁dollar [5dClE] n. 美元，元(加拿大、澳大利亚等国货币单位)【例句】①Thistime he betted his bottom dollar. 这一次他孤注一掷地打赌。②She bummed a dollar off me. 她向我讨了一美元。dolphin [5dClfin] n. 海豚(科动物)【例句】We like to see the performance ofdolphins. 我们喜欢看海豚的表演。door [dC:,dCE] n. 门，入口【例句】①Iwas knocking at the front door but there was no answer. 我敲了敲前门，但无人应答。②Carol answered the door as soonas I knocked. 我刚敲过门，卡罗尔就把门打开了。down [daun] adv. ①向下，在下面‖②(数量等)由大到小‖③往南‖④处于低落状态prep. 下，沿着…往下adj. ①向下(方)的‖②下行的【例句】The generators went down at midnight. 半夜里发电机停了下来。【词组】go down 下降；平静下来；传下去；被接受dream [dri:m] n. 梦，梦想v. 做梦，幻想【例句】I wouldn’t dream of trick skiing onicy slopes. 我不能想象在结冰的斜坡上滑雪。【词组】dream of梦想；梦见dream about梦想；梦到dream away虚度【助记】分析：dr—“敌人”的拼音首字母；e—“鹅”的拼音；am—是记忆方法：敌人想吃鹅简直是在做梦drink [driNk] v. 喝n. 饮料，酒【例句】They only drink socially. 他们只在社交场合喝酒。【词组】drink up喝干，吸尽drink in吸收；看的入神drink down把…一饮而尽；借酒消愁；比酒量使…醉倒【助记】有学问的(d)人(r )常被称作喝过墨水(ink)drive [draiv] vt. ①驾驶‖②用车送‖③驱，赶‖④驱动，为…提供动力‖⑤驱使，迫使，逼迫vi. 驾驶，开车n. ①驾驶，驱车旅行‖②驱动(器)【例句】I wish I knew what they were really driving at. 我希望我能知道他们真实的意图。driver [5draivE(r)] n. 驾驶员，司机【例句】The driver was not to blame for theaccident. 这次事故怪不着司机。duck [dQk] n. 鸭，鸭肉【例句】There are many ducks swimming in thelake. 湖里有许多鸭子在游泳。【助记】分析：du―“毒”的拼音；ck ―“刺客”的拼音首字母；记忆方法：我拿了一只有毒的鸭子给刺客during [5djuEriN] prep. 在…期间【例句】The sun gives us light during the day.太阳在白天给我们阳光。Eeach [i:tF] adj. 各自的，每pron. 每个，各自【例句】There are new houses on each side of the street. 街道两边有新楼房。【词组】each other彼此，相互each and every 每个，每一个ear [iE] n. ①耳朵‖②听觉，听力【例句】May I have a word in your ear?我能私下和你谈谈吗？【词组】by ear不看乐谱；凭听觉give ear to倾听；注意an ear for对…的欣赏力to the ears极度，极其【助记】分析：e—“鹅”的拼音；a—“一”；r—“人”的拼音首字母；记忆方法：这只鹅吃了一个人的耳朵early[5E:li] adv. & adj. 早(的)，早期(的)，在初期(的)【例句】The trees along the streets were planted early on in the season. 沿街的树木在植树季节刚到的时候就种下了。【词组】early on在早期as early as早在…的时候early in早在…的时候【助记】拆分：ear—耳朵 ly—老鹰的拼音奇记：很早的时候，我的耳朵ear就被老鹰ly叼走了。easily[5i:zili] adv. ①容易地‖②顺利地【例句】①I can easily finish it today. 我今天用不了多大功夫就能把这事完成。②More easily said than done [谚]说说容易实行难。east [i:st] n. & adj. 东方(的)，东部(的)adv. 向东方【例句】The sun rises in the east. 日出东方。easy [5i:zi] adj. ①容易的‖②舒适的，安逸的【例句】The place is easy of access. 这地方四通八达。【词组】take it easy别着急，慢慢来go easy安闲；从容不迫easy on节制点；不要太多；对…宽容eat [i:t] v. 吃【例句】You cannot eat your cake and have it. 两者不可兼得。【词组】eat up吃光egg [e^] n. 蛋，卵，鸡蛋【例句】We have boiled eggs for breakfast every day. 我们每天早餐都吃煮鸡蛋。eight [eit] num. 八(个)【例句】Most people worked an eight-hour day twenty years ago. 二十年前大多数人干的是八小时工作日。eighteen [5ei5ti:n] num. 十八【例句】The age of majority is eighteen. 成年的法定年龄是18岁。eighth [eitW,eiW] num. 第八【例句】I haven’t played basketball or football since the eighth grade. 自从八年级开始，我再也没有玩过篮球或足球。eighty [5eiti] num. 八十【例句】He must be getting on for eighty! 他一定快八十了！either [5aiTE(r)] pron. (两者中)任何一个adv. [与not连用] 也(不)，而且conj. (either…or…) 或…或…，不是…就是【例句】You can take either book but not both. 你可以拿两本书中的任何一本，但不能全拿走。【词组】either…or…不是…就是…，…或…either of 两者之一elephant [5elifEnt] n. 大象【例句】The elephant smashed through the trees. 大象在树林中横冲直撞。eleven [i5levEn] num. 十一【例句】He is in the eleven. 他是足球队的队员。else [els] adv. & adj. 其他(的)，另外(的)【例句】When else can we come again?我们什么时候还能来呢？【词组】or else否则，要不然someone else其他人anything else别的东西everyone else其他所有人；其他每个人nothing elsethan只有；只不过；无异于e-mail [5i:meil] n. 电子邮件【例句】①Please e-mail me the details assoon as yor can. 请尽快把细节用电子邮件传给我。②You can contact us by e-mail. 你可以通过电子邮件跟我们联系。empty [5empti] adj. ①空的‖②空虚的，空洞的vt. 弄空，倒空vt. 使能够，使可能【例句】The house is empty, no one is living there. 这座房子是空的，没有人住。【词组】empty of缺乏empty out腾空；倒空【派生】emptiness n. 空虚；无知England [5in^lEnd] n. ①英格兰‖②(泛指)英国English [5iN^liF] n. & adj. ①英语(的)‖②英国人(的)【例句】①He speaks excellent English. 他英语说得好极了。②He is very English in his attitudes. 他的态度英国味十足。【搭配】in English用英语speak English 说英语；讲英语enough [i5nQf] adj. & adv. 充足的(地)，足够的(地)n. 足够【例句】It is light enough to play chess. 要下棋这样的光线还是够亮的。【词组】enough for足够地，充分的；对…足够的error [5erE] n. 差错，误差【例句】The accident was caused by human error. 这次事故是人为过错造成的。【词组】in error错误地trial and error反复试验，不断改进evening [5i:vniN] n. 傍晚，晚上【例句】Do you have any appointment this evening?你今天晚上有约会吗?ever [5evE] adv. ①总是‖②在任何时候‖③究竟【例句】Have you ever been to London?你曾到过伦敦吗?【词组】ever since从…以来never ever绝不，从不for ever andever永远ever so much非常；万分every [5evri] adj. 每，每个，每隔…的【例句】Every second counts. 每秒钟都很重要。【词组】every now and then常常，不时地，每隔every other每隔every bit 完全；每一点；从头至尾everybody [5evribCdi,5evribEdi] pron. 每人，人人，各人【例句】Everybody wanted to watch the match. 每个人都想去看比赛。【助记】every（每一）＋body（人）everyday [5evridei] adj. 每天的，日常的【例句】My everyday shoes are not my best ones. 我平常穿的鞋，不是最好的everyone [5evriwQn] pron. = everybody 每个人，人人，各人n. 每个人【例句】Everyone in the class passed the moths exam. 数学考试班上人人都及格了。everything [5evriWiN] pron. 一切，每件事，凡事【例句】I got everythingI needed in the market. 我在市场上买到了我需要的每件东西。【助记】every（每一）＋thingeverywhere [5evrihwZE] adv. 处处，无论何处【例句】We have looked everywhere for you. 我们到处找你。eye [ai] n. ①眼睛‖②眼力，鉴赏力【例句】My eye fell uponan interesting advertisement in the newspaper. 我的目光落在报纸上一则有趣的广告上。【词组】keep an eye on留神，照看catch one’s eye引起注意set eyes on看，视in the eyes of 在…心目中；从…来看Fface [feis] n. ①脸，面部‖②外观，外貌‖③(器具的)使用面‖④票面【例句】①The clowns pulled funny faces. 小丑扮出了可笑的鬼脸。②He turned to face his attackers. 他转过身来对付那些攻击者。【词组】face to face面对面in the face of不顾，即使；在…前面make faces(aface)做鬼脸to one’s face当着(某人的)面，坦率地；面对face up to大胆面对lose one’s face失面子face with面对；面临【助记】女孩子的长发（fa）飘在脸蛋的两侧（ce）【派生】facial adj. 面部的，表面的；脸的，面部用的fact [fAkt] n. ①事实‖②真相，事情【例句】No one can deny the fact thatsmoking leads to cancer. 没有人能否认吸烟能致癌的事实。【词组】as a matter of fact事实上in fact其实，实际上factory [5fAktEri] n. 工厂【例句】Goods are chiefly made in factories.货物主要是在工厂制造的。false [fC:ls] adj. ①错误的‖②假造的，捏造的‖③不忠实的，不忠诚的‖④假的，人造的【例句】The impostor traveled on a falsepassport. 那个伪装者用一本假护照旅行。【词组】play sb. false欺诈某人family [5fAmili] n. ①家，家庭‖②家族，氏族‖③(尤指动植物的)系，族，科【例句】①Red hair runs in his family. 他家族的人头发都是红色的②They have a large family. 他们子女很多。far [fB:] adj. ①远的，久远的，遥远的adv. ①远，久远，遥远‖②到…程度，…得多【例句】①Life on a farm is a far cry from what I’ve been used to. 农场生活与我已过惯的日子迥然不同。②They worked far into the night.他们工作到深夜。【词组】as for as①远到‖②就…而言，至于far from①远离‖②绝没有by far远远…，…得多so far迄今为止farm [fB:m] n. 农场；饲养场v. 耕作【例句】We worked on the farm last summer. 去年夏天我们曾去农场工作。farmer [5fB:mE] n. 农夫，农场主【例句】The farmer decided to leave the land fallow for a year. 农夫决定让土地休耕一年。fat [fAt] adj. 肥胖的，脂肪多的n. 脂肪【例句】If you don’t get more exercise,you’ll get fat. 如果你不多做运动，就会发胖。father [5fB:TE] n. ①父亲‖②创始人，发明者‖③(F-)神父，上帝【例句】His father is a customs officer. 他父亲是一位海关官员。February [5februEri] n. 二月feed [fi:d] vt. ①喂养‖②进(料)，进给(原料、燃料等)vi. 进餐n. 饲料【例句】The drinking and the guilt fed on each other. 喝酒和犯罪互相滋长。【词组】feed up喂肥，养肥be fed up (with)极其厌倦（或不满）的feed in进（料）；输入；插入【派生】feeding n. 饲养；吃；输送feel [fi:l] vt. ①触，摸‖②认为，以为vi. ①摸上去有…感觉‖②摸索‖③觉得【例句】You will feel better after a night’ssleep. 睡一夜之后你会觉得好些的。【词组】feel at home畅快，自在feel like①摸起来像…‖②想要…few [fju:] n. & adj. 很少(的)，几乎没有(的)【例句】Few of my friends were there. 我的朋友几乎没有人在那里。【词组】a few少数，几个a few more再多几个a good few相当多，不少field [fi:ld] n. ①田野‖②运动场‖③领域【例句】Our field of vision is limited bythat tall building. 我们的视野受到了那座高层建筑物的限制。fifteen [5fif5ti:n] num. 十五【例句】He has fifteen workers in hisemploy. 他雇佣的工人有十五名。fifty [5fifti] num. 五十【例句】They began playing golf in their fifties. 他们在五十几岁时开始打高尔夫球。film [film] n. ①影片‖②胶卷‖③薄层，薄膜vt. 把…拍成电影【例句】The girl films well. 这女孩很上照。find [faind] vt. ①找到‖②发觉‖③想出【例句】We found the bed quite comfortable.我们感到这张床很舒服。【词组】find out发现(事实、原因等)fire [5faiE] n. ①火‖②射击v. ①解雇‖②着火‖③射击【例句】He was fired for stealing money from the till. 他因从柜台抽屉偷钱而遭解雇。【词组】catch fire着火make a fire生火on fire燃烧着，兴奋着first [fE:st] num. 第一adj. ①最初的‖②第一流的n. ①最初‖②头等‖③( pl. )一级品adv. 首先【例句】①He was the first to be there. 他是第一个到达那里的。②The entertainment provided wasfirst class. 提供的招待是一流的。【词组】at first sight一看就…for the firsttime第一次at(the)first首先from the first从头first of all首先fish [fiF] n. 鱼v. 钓鱼，捕鱼【例句】Several old cars are fished out (ofthe canal) every month. 每月都从运河中打捞出几辆旧汽车来。【词组】fish for摸索，寻找fish out掏出，摸索出；捕尽鱼five [faiv] num. 五(个)flag [flA^] n. 旗(帜)【例句】The streets were flagged to celebrate the royal wedding. 街上挂起了旗子，庆祝皇室婚礼。【词组】under the flag of 受…保护，站在…一边flight [flait] n. ①航班‖②飞行‖③航程【例句】She’s in the top flight of journalists. 她是出类拔萃的新闻工作者。【词组】in flight 在飞行中；飞行状态floor [flC:,flCE] n. 地板，楼层【例句】Our office is on the 6th floor of the building. 我们的办公室在这幢楼的七楼。【词组】on the floor 在地板上flower [5flauE] n. 花vi. 开花【例句】①Cherry trees flower in the early spring. 樱桃树在早春开花。②The azaleas were in fullflower. 杜鹃花正怒放。fly [flai] n. ①飞行‖②苍蝇v. ①飞行‖②乘飞机‖③飘扬【例句】①Michael was the first pilot tofly the plane round the world. 麦克是第一个驾驶飞机作环球飞行的飞行员。②He’s flying his car to Europe. 他把车空运到欧洲。fog [fC^] n. 雾【词组】in a fog困惑不解food [fu:d] n. 食物【例句】The scarcity of food forced pricesup. 食物短缺促使物价上涨。foot [fut] n. ①足‖②底部‖③英尺【例句】We have missed the last bus, sowe’ll have to foot it. 我们没有赶上最后一班公共汽车，只有步行了。【词组】on foot 步行put one’s foot down坚决反对某人想做的事【助记】分析：fo—“佛”的拼音；ot—“呕吐”的拼音首字母；记忆方法：佛的脚断了，疼得他不停地呕吐。football [5futbC:l] n. 足球(比赛)【例句】Our team has won the footballmatch. 我们队赢得了足球赛。【助记】foot脚、足，ball球；主要靠脚踢来进行的球赛for [fC:; fE] prep. ①就…而言‖②[表示对象、愿望、爱好、活动等]要求，为了，对于，给‖③[表示时间、数量、距离]历经，计，达‖④[表示去向、目的]往，向‖⑤[表示等价、报酬、赔偿或比例关系]交换‖⑥代，替，代表‖⑦[表示身份等]当作‖⑧[表示赞成、支持]拥护conj. 因为，由于…的缘故forest [5fCrist] n. 森林【例句】Very little forest is left unexplored nowadays. 当今，没有被勘查过的森林所剩无几。forty [5fC:ti] num. 四十【例句】They stopped smoking in theirforties. 他们在四十几岁时戒了烟。four [fC:] num. 四(个)fourteen [5fC:5ti:n] num. 十四(个)fourth [fC:W] num. 第四【例句】I can’t do the fourth and fifth questions but I’ve done all theothers.第四题和第五题我不会，但是剩下的我都答了。fox [fC:ks] n. ①狐狸‖②狡猾的人【例句】Occasionally a fox will appear in that forest. 偶尔会有狐狸出没于那片森林中。【词组】fox’s sleep假睡；假装的France [frB:ns] n. 法国【例句】The English Channel divides England from France. 英吉利海峡把英法两国分隔开来。free [fri:] adj. ①自由的，随便的，空闲的‖②自由开放的‖③免费的vt. (from，of)使自由，解放，使摆脱【例句】The prisoner wished to be free again. 囚犯希望重新获得自由。【词组】free from无…的，不受…影响的free of脱离，无…的free on board(略f. o. b. )船上交货价(离岸价)get free获得自由set free释放French [frentF] adj. ①法国的‖②法国人的‖③法语的n. ①法语‖②法国人【例句】①The French are renowned fortheir cooking. 法国人擅长烹饪。②He speaks not only English but also French. 他不但会说英语，而且还会说法语。fresh [freF] adj. ①新的，新到的‖②新鲜的，(水等)淡的‖③(空气、气候)清新的【例句】These vegetables are fresh, I picked them this morning. 这些蔬菜很新鲜，我是今天早上摘的。Friday [5fraidi] n. 星期五【例句】Mary’ll arrive on Friday morning. 玛丽将在星期五上午到达。fridge [fridV] n. 冰箱【例句】She can mend the fridge by herself. 她能自己修理冰箱。friend [frend] n. ①朋友，友人‖②支持者，同情者【例句】A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难之交才是真朋友。frog [frC^] n. 蛙【例句】The witch changed the prince into a frog. 巫婆把王子变成了青蛙。from [frCm,frEm, frm] prep. ①从…起，从…来，出自‖②由于，因为，出于‖③离‖④从，由【例句】①She was nearly crying from thepain of her cut leg. 割破的腿疼痛得使她几乎要哭了。②Her arrest produced animmediate reaction from the press.她被捕的事立刻在新闻界引起反应。【词组】from now on从今以后away from home不在家, 离开家differ from others与别的不同know right from wrong辨别是非from then on从那时起to and from往返；来来回回front [frQnt] n. 正面，前面adj. 前面的【例句】①The teacher called the boy tothe front. 老师把男孩叫到前面。②Attractive gardens fronted thehouses. 这些房子的前面都有漂亮的花园。【词组】in front在前面；当面in front of在…前面，面对at the front of在…前面fruit [fru:t] n. ①水果，果实‖②成果，产物【例句】The apple treesare fruiting early this year. 今年苹果树很早结果。【词组】bear fruit 结出果实；奏效full [ful] adj. ①充满的‖②充分的，丰富的‖③完全的【词组】full of oneself骄傲；臭美；自以为是；只顾自己make full use of充分利用【派生】fully adv. 充分地；完全地；彻底地fun [fQn] n. ①娱乐，乐趣‖②嬉戏，顽皮‖③有趣的人或事物【例句】You’ll sure to have fun at the party tonight. 你在今晚的晚会上一定会玩得很开心。【词组】make fun of取笑future [5fju:tFE] n. ①将来，今后‖②远景，前途‖③期货(交易)adj. 将来的【词组】in future今后，从现在开始in the future在将来Ggame [^eim] n. ①游戏，娱乐‖②比赛(项目)‖③( pl.)运动会‖④[总称]猎物【例句】Football is a team game. 足球是一项集体运动。【词组】be game for对…都感兴趣garden [5^B:dn] n. 花园，庭园vi. 从事园艺活动【例句】He has been gardening all day. 他在园中干了一整天。gas [^As] n. ①煤气，可燃气‖②气体‖③汽油【例句】Thereare several kinds of gas in the air, with nitrogen amounting to the most part.空气中有好几种气体，氮所占的比重最大。gate [^eit] n. ①大门‖②阀门，闸门【例句】The school has a iron gate between the yard and the road. 学校在校园和马路之间有一个铁门。【助记】分析：g—“哥”的拼音首字母；ate—“eat（吃）”的过去式；记忆方法：哥哥在大门口吃东西get [^et] vt.①获得，得到‖②使得，把…弄得‖③感染(疾病)vi. 到达【例句】I must get some fruit in the market. 我得在市场上买点水果。【词组】get along(with)：①过日子‖②相处融洽‖③进展‖④走开get at①到达‖②领会get away from①离开‖②逃脱get back (to)...(from)从某处回到某处get by①通过‖②应付get down to着手进行get in①进入‖②收获get in the way成为障碍get off①下车‖②脱衣‖③动身get out①离开’‖②泄露‖③出版get over①恢复‖②完成get out of order①失控‖②损坏get through①完成‖②到达‖③通过(考试)‖④打通电话get to到达get together聚会get up起床gift [^ift] n. ①赠品，礼物‖②天赋，才能【例句】He has a gift for poetry. 他有做诗的天赋。【词组】have a gift for对…有天赋girl [^E:l] n. 女孩，姑娘【例句】The German girl improved on her previous best performance in the 100metres.那个德国姑娘在100米比赛中刷新了自己以往最好的成绩。give [^iv] v. ①给予，授予，传授(知识)‖②传递(消息)‖③发布(命令)‖④赠送‖⑤托付，交给‖⑥举办【例句】The bride was given away by her father. 由父亲把新娘交与新郎。【词组】give in①屈服‖②让步give up放弃glad [^lAd] adj. ①高兴的‖②情愿的【例句】I’m so glad that you were able to come to this party. 你能抽空出席这个交际会，我很高兴。glass [^lB:s] n. ①玻璃，玻璃杯‖②( pl. )眼镜‖③玻璃制品【例句】I cut my hand on some broken glass. 我的手被碎玻璃割伤了。glove [^lQv] n. 手套【例句】My dress fits(me) like a glove. 我的连衣裙非常合身。【词组】hand in glove 合作；勾结着；亲密地【助记】g(哥哥)＋love(爱)→哥哥爱戴手套，分析：g――“哥”的拼音首字母；love――喜爱。go [^Eu] vi. ①走，离开‖②变成，处…状态‖③运行，运转‖④被放置‖⑤流通【例句】I’ll have a go at mending your bike today. 我今天修修你的自行车。【词组】go about四处闲逛go after追逐，追求go ahead开始，进行go around/round绕…运行go back on/upon/from违背，背叛go for①去请‖②赞成go in for①从事‖②追求go into①进入‖②投入‖③深入研究go off①变质，变坏‖②离去go on(with)继续go out①出去‖②罢工go over检查，复习go through with①完成‖②经历go up上升，增长go with①相互搭配‖②用以佐餐‖③成为…的一部分go without没有…而将就过goat [^Eut] n. 山羊【词组】make...the goat拿…当替罪羊golf [^Clf] n. 高尔夫球【例句】The golf course is behind our house. 高尔夫球场在我们房屋的后面。good [^ud] adj. 好的n. ①善行‖②利益【例句】My one good suit is at the cleaner’s. 我那套讲究的衣服还在洗衣店里呢。【词组】be good at擅长于as good as几乎；差不多for good永久地；永远地to the good有好处的；有利的，净赚goodbye [9^ud`bai] int. 再见grandchild [5^rAndtFaild] n. 孙子(女)，外孙(女)【例句】Have you no consideration for my grandchild’s future? 你就不为我孙女的终身大事想想吗?granddaughter [5^rAndC:tE(r)] n. 孙女，外孙女【例句】In her will she left all her money to her granddaughter. 她在遗嘱中将所有的钱都留给了她的孙女。grandfather [5^rAnd7fB:TE] n. (外)祖父【例句】Although his grandfather was a nobleman, he was very poor. 尽管他的祖父是贵族，他却非常穷困。grandmother [5^rAnd7mQTE] n. (外)祖母【例句】Do not try to teach your grandmother to suck eggs. 不要班门弄斧。grandparent [5^rAndpeErEnt] n. (外)祖父(母)【例句】Tammy was raised by her grandparents. 塔米是由她的祖父母抚养大的。grandson [5^rAndsQn] n. 孙子，外孙【例句】There is a strange empathy between the old lady and her grandson.老妇人和她孙子间有种莫名其妙的心灵相通的感觉。grape [^reip] n. 葡萄【例句】I think it’s just sour grapes. 我认为他这样说不过是吃不到葡萄便说葡萄酸。grass [^rB:s] n. 草，草地【例句】Bill must havegrassed on us. 比尔肯定把我们出卖了。great [^reit] adj. ①大的，巨大的‖②伟大的，重大的【例句】Beethoven was a great musician. 贝多芬是一位伟大的音乐家。【词组】a great many许许多多a great deal of大量green [^ri:n] adj. ①绿色的‖②幼稚的n. 绿色，草地【例句】You must be green to believe that! 你真幼稚，竟然相信那个!group [^ru:p] n. ①组，群，集团‖②类，型vt. ①集合，配合‖②把…分类【例句】The data can be grouped under three heads. 这些资料可以分为三大类。grow [^rEu] vi. ①生长，发育‖②增长，长大‖③变得vt. 种植，栽培【例句】Don’t spend so much, money doesn’t grow on trees, you know. 别花这么多－－钱不是容易挣的。【词组】grow in增加；在…方面成长grow on加深影响；引起…爱好grow from由…长大，由…发展起来grow out出，发芽；拉架子guess [^es] v. & n. 猜测，推测【例句】Guess what I have brought for you. 猜猜我给你带什么来了。guest [^est] n. 客人vt. 款待【例句】We have three guests to dinner. 我们有三位客人来吃饭。【词组】be my guest别客气，请用；请便gun [^Qn] n. 枪，炮【例句】Soldiers carry guns. 士兵扛着枪。【词组】jump the gun偷跑；行动过早；[俚]未听发令枪就起跑Hhair [hZE] n. 头发，毛发【例句】She was slender and had long dark hair. 她身材苗条，有一头长长的黑发【词组】get in (sb.’s) hair惹恼别人；使人厌烦half [hB:f] n. & adv. &adj. 一半 (地/的)【例句】There are no half measures in scientific research. 科研工作是不能搞折衷的。hand [hAnd] n. ①手‖②指针‖③(工具等的)把手，柄‖④人手，雇员v. 交，递，给【例句】When the minutehand points to twelve and the hour hand points to three，It’s three o’clock.当分针指在12而时针指在3的时候，是三点钟。【词组】at hand①在手边‖②即将到来by hand用手，亲手hand in递交，交来hand in hand①手拉手地‖②联合起来hand out①交给‖②散发hand over移交in hand①在掌握中‖②正在进行on(the)one hand一方面on the other hand另一方面【助记】分析：han—“汗”的拼音；d—“滴”拼音首字母；记忆方法：很多汗珠从手上滴了下来happy [5hApi] adj. 快乐的，幸福的，满意的【例句】①She is a happy girl. 她是个快乐的小姑娘。②I wish you a very happy future. 我祝你有非常幸福的未来。hard [hB:d] adj. ①坚硬的‖②辛苦的adv. 努力地【例句】Don’t be too hard on the boy; he didn’t mean to do it. 对这个小男孩不要太严厉了，他不是故意这么做的。【词组】as hard as rock坚如磐石hat [hAt] n. 帽子【例句】The man wears an odd felt hat. 那人戴着一顶古怪的毡帽。【词组】talk through one’s hat吹牛，胡说八道hate [heit] vt. & n. 恨，憎恶【例句】The kindhearted people hate violence. 善良的人们憎恨使用暴力。【派生】hatred n. 憎恨；怨恨；敌意have [hAv] v. ①有，存在‖②进行‖③经历，遭受‖④使，让aux.v. [加过去分词，构成完成时态]已经，曾经【例句】①I have written two letterstoday. 今天我写了两封信。②I had my watch stolen lastnight. 昨晚我的手表被偷了。【词组】had better应该；最好have to不得不，必须have got有have got to不得不，必须have to do with与…有关he [hi:] pron. 他head [hed] n. ①头，头部‖②前部，顶端‖③领导，首脑vt. ①领导，主管‖②居…之首vi. 朝…方向前进【例句】①The chapter was headed ‘MyEarly Life’. 这一章的标题是‘我早年的生活’。②We are heading home. 我们正向家的方向走去。【词组】head for向…走去（前进）go to one’s head(turn one’s head)冲昏头脑，过于兴奋head andshoulders above sb.远远超过（某人）headache [5hedeik] n. 头痛【例句】I’ve got a bad headache. 我头痛的厉害。health [helW] n. 健康(状况)【例句】①His health is not good. 他的健康状况不佳。②Smoking is harmful to one’s health. 吸烟对健康有害。healthy [5helWi] adj. 健康的，健壮的，有益健康的【例句】The childrenhave a healthy dislike of school. （喻）小孩子对学校有一种天生的厌恶。hear [hiE] vt.①听见‖②得知，听说‖③听证，审讯vi. 听见，听到【例句】I can’t let you pay my debts I won’t hear of such a thing. 我不能让你替我还债－－我不同意此事。【词组】hear about/of听说hear from(通过信件等)得到某人的消息heart [hB:t] n. ①心，心脏‖②内心‖③要点【例句】His heart stopped beating and he died soon afterwards. 他心脏停止了跳动，随即死亡。【词组】heart and soul全心全意learn by heart记住，背下lose heart失去信心heat [hi:t] vt. (使)变热，加热n. ①热，热量‖②体温，热度‖③热烈，激动【例句】Water heats slowly. 水是慢慢变热的。heavy [5hi:vi] adj. ①重的，沉重的‖②大量的‖③猛烈的【例句】①How heavy was the baby when hewas born?这个婴儿出生时有多重？②I’ve had a heavy day. 我今天的工作非常忙。hello [5helEu] int. (表示问候) 喂，你好help [help] v. & n. 帮助，援助，资助【例句】I can’t lift this box-will you help me please?我举不动这个箱子，请你帮我一下好吗？【词组】cannot help doing sth.不禁…，忍不住…help oneself(to)自助，（进餐时）自己取用【派生】helpful adj. 有帮助的；有益的hen [hen] n. 母鸡，雌禽【例句】The chickens gathered under the hen. 小鸡聚集在母鸡翅膀下面。her [hE:;E:7hE, E] pron.[she的宾格/所有格] 她，她的here [hiE] adv. ①在这里，到这里，向这里‖②这时‖③在这一点上【例句】My friend here will help you with the repair. 我的这位朋友会帮助你修理的。hers [hE:z] pron. [she的物主代词] 她的(所有物)herself [hE:5self] pron. 她自己，她本人【例句】①She only has herself to thankfor what happened. 出了事只能怪她自己。②She lost her temper, but soon came to herself. 她发脾气了，但很快恢复了正常。【词组】by herself单独地hi [hai] int. = hello (表示问候或引起注意)喂，嘿high [hai] adj. ①高的，在高处的‖②高级的，高尚的adv. 高【例句】The plane is high in the sky. 那架飞机在高空飞行。【派生】height n. 高地；高度；身高；顶点hill [hil] n. 小山，丘陵【例句】I climbed up thehill and ran down the other side. 我爬上了小山，又从另一面跑下来。him [him] pron. [he的宾格]他himself [him5self] pron. 他自己，他本人【例句】Everyone shouldlearn how to defend himself by the lawful means.每个人都应该学会利用合法的手段保护自己。【搭配】by himself 由他独力地all by himself adv. 独自地his [hiz;iz] pron. [he的所有格/物主代词] 他的，他的(所有物)【例句】Everyone must do his best. 人人做事都要尽自己最大努力。history [5histEri] n. ①历史‖②经历，履历‖③史书，志【例句】①History is my favourite subjectat school. 历史是我在学校中最喜爱的学科。②She told me her life history. 她告诉我她一生的经历。hole [hEul] n. 洞，孔眼【例句】The repairs men have dug a hole in the road. 修路工人在路上挖了一个洞。holiday [5hClEdi,5hClidei] n. 假日，休息日，假期【例句】Summer holidays will begin next month. 暑假下个月即将开始。home [hEum] n. ①家(庭)，家乡‖②发源地，产地‖③疗养院，养育院adj. 家庭的，家乡的，本国的adv. 在家，回家，到家【例句】①India is the home of elephantsand tigers. 印度是大象和老虎的产地。②The threat of war is coming steadily nearer to home. 战争的威胁正在一步步地临近。【词组】be at home在家；在国内；自如go home回家bring…home to使人认识到make oneself athome感觉舒适无拘束home and dry大功告成，达到目的homework [5hEumwE:k] n. 家庭作业【例句】She should do her homework herself. 她应该自己做作业。【搭配】do my homework做作业hand in homework上交作业hope [hEup] n. ①希望，期望‖②所希望的人或事v. 希望，期望【例句】①I gave up hope of going tocollege when I failed my examinations.当我考试不及格时，我丧失了上大学的希望。②We hope for an early answer to our letter.盼早日赐覆。【词组】lose hope=give up hope of丧失希望raise one’s hopes增强某人的希望hope against hope抱一线希望in hopes of希望hope for 希望，期待horse [hC:s] n. 马hospital [5hCspitl] n. 医院【例句】He was on his feet again after such a long period in hospital. 住院很长一段时间他复原了。【搭配】in hospital 住院in the hospital 在医院里hot [hCt] adj. ①热的，炎热的‖②辣的，辛辣的‖③急躁的，激动的‖④热衷的【例句】I’m good at history but not so hot at arithmetic. 我的历史成绩不错，但算术不太好。hotel [hEu5tel] n. 旅馆，饭店，酒店【例句】A free bus to the airport is a facility offered only by this hotel. 只有这家旅店提供免费乘车去机场的服务。hour [5auE] n. ①小时‖②钟点，时刻【例句】The lecture lasted three hours. 讲座持续了3个小时。【词组】business hours营业时间rush hour交通拥挤时间；上下班高峰时间by the hour按钟点，按时计算hour after hour连续地house [haus] n. ①房屋，住宅‖②机构，公司，商号‖③(H一)议院vt. 给…提供住处【例句】The personal picture exhibition is housed in that building. 个人画展设在那所房子里。【词组】on the house免费地；由公家或老板付钱bring the housedown博得全场喝彩或鼓掌【助记】分析：hou—“猴”的拼音；s—外形像蛇；e—外形像鹅；记忆方法：房子里有一只猴子在跟蛇与鹅搏斗how [hau] adv. ①如何，怎样‖②多少，多么【例句】①How about playing a game ofchess now? 现在来下盘棋好吗?②How much baggage am I allowed to take? 我可以带多少行李?【词组】how about…怎么样hundred [5hQndrEd] num. 百，一百husband [5hQzbEnd] n. 丈夫【例句】We should husband energy resources. 我们得有效地利用能源。【助记】丈夫，来自hussy (轻佻的女子)，和band (束缚)，由这两个单词拼缀而成。II [ai] pron. 我【例句】Only Tommy and I have read the book. 只有汤米和我读过那本书。ice [ais] n. 冰，冰块vt. 冰镇【例句】There is ice on the lake in winter. 冬天湖上有冰。【词组】on ice 在狱中；有成功或胜利把握；搁置起来的；暂缓【助记】在夏天，我会爱死冰块的。分析：“爱死”的谐音idea [ai5diE] n. ①主意，想法‖②概念，思想‖③计划，建议【例句】She’ll have her own ideas about that. 对那件事她会有自己的想法。if [if] conj. ①如果，假如‖②是否【例句】①If you ask him，he will help you. 如果你向他请求，他会帮助你。②We’ll go even if it rains. 即使下雨我们也要去。【词组】as if好像，仿佛if only但愿，只要what if倘若…将会怎样ill [il] adj. ①有病的‖②坏的，不良的，有害的adv. 坏，不利地，有害地【例句】She can’t go to school because she is ill. 她不能上学了，因为她病了。【词组】fall ill生病ill at ease不安的；感到拘束go ill with对…不利；不幸in [in] prep. ①[表示地点、场所、部位等]在…里，在…上‖② [表示时间]在…期间，在…之内‖③[表示领域、范围]在…之内，在…方面‖④[表示状态、情况]处…之中‖⑤[表示表达方式、手段等]用，以【例句】I called him, but he wasn’t in. 我给他打电话，但他不在家。ink [iNk] n. 墨水，油墨【例句】The scene was inked into her mind’s eye. 那一幕深深印在她的脑海中了。inside [5in5said] adj. 里面的，内部的adv. 在内部，在里面prep. 在…里面，在…内部n. 内部【例句】The outside of an orange is bitter, but the inside is sweet. 橘子的外皮是苦的，可里面是甜的。【助记】inside内部 ＋ erinstead [in5sted] adv. 代替，顶替【词组】instead of代替，而不是…into [5intu,5intE] prep. ①进入到…里‖②成为，转为【例句】A lorry drove into a line of parked cars. 一辆卡车撞上了一排停著的汽车。iron [5aiEn] n. ①铁‖②熨斗v. 熨，烫【例句】Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。【词组】iron out①熨烫②解决，消除【派生】irony adj. 铁的；似铁的island [5ailEnd] n. 岛，岛屿adj. 岛(国)的【例句】Britain is an island. 英国是个岛国。【词组】on the island在岛上【助记】is(是)＋land(陆地)→水包围的陆地是岛屿it [it] pron. ①它‖②[作无人称动词的主语]‖③[作先行词，引导从句或短语等]‖④[作先行词以构成强调句型]Italian [i5tAljEn] adj. ①意大利的‖②意大利人的‖③意大利语的n. ①意大利人‖②意大利语【例句】I need to practise my Italian before my business trip. 我出差之前需要先练习一下意大利语。Italy [5itEli] n. 意大利its [its] pron. [it的所有格] 它的【例句】The chair lost one of its legs. 椅子少了一条腿。itself [it5self] pron. (它)自己(它)本身【例句】The discussion resolved itself into a pleasant chat. 讨论变成了愉快的闲聊。【词组】by itself单独地，独自地in itself实质上，本身JJanuary [5dVAnjuEri] n. 一月Japan [dVE5pAn] n. 日本【例句】We set sail from China for Japan. 我们从中国启航驶往日本。Japanese [dVApE5ni:z] n. & adj. ①日本(的)‖②日本人(的)‖③日语(的)【例句】Japanese like eating fish. 日本人喜欢吃鱼。【助记】音，“这破妮子”。日本侵略了我们多年，骂他们这破妮子生的。job [dVRb] n. ①工作，职位‖②零活，一件工作‖③任务，职责【例句】He has done a good job. 他的工作干得不错。juice [dVu:s] n. (蔬菜、水果等的) 汁，液，浆【例句】The orange juice has been concentrated. 橘子汁已经过浓缩。【助记】桔（ju）汁加冰（ice），凉爽可口July [dVu:5lai] n. 七月jump [dVQmp] v. & n. ①跳，跳跃，跳过‖②暴涨，猛增【例句】The children jumped for joy. 孩子们高兴得跳起来。June [dVu:n] n. 六月just [5dVQst] adj. 正义的，公正的，公平的，正直的adv. ①恰恰，正好‖②方才，刚刚‖③只是，仅仅【例句】That’s just what I want to say. 那正是我想说的。Kkey [ki:] n. ①钥匙‖②题解，答案‖③键【例句】The key to the settlement of the question lies in the unity. 解决此问题的关键在于团结。【词组】key in键入keyboard [5ki:bC:d] n. 键盘【例句】What do you think of the keyboard on this laptop? 你觉得这种笔记本电脑的键盘怎么样？kid [kid] n. 小孩，小伙子kill [kil] vt. ①杀死‖②扼杀，毁灭【例句】That mistake killed his chances. 那个错误葬送了他的机会。【词组】kill oneself自杀；竭尽全力；尽最大努力【派生】killer n. 杀手；致死；止痛药kind [kaind] adj. 仁慈的友好的，亲切的，和蔼的n. 种类【例句】Try to find out what kind of people have the most need of help. 研究一下看看哪种人最需要帮助。【词组】a kind of①一种，一类‖②几分all kinds of各种各样的【助记】（音义串联）凯地，的种类是仁慈的【派生】kindly adj. 亲切的；和蔼的；体贴的；爽快的king [kiN] n. 国王，君主【例句】The king can dono wrong. [谚] 国王不会犯错误。（指在君主立宪制度下，国王无权，实权在内阁）。kiss [kis] v. & n. 吻【词组】kiss away 吻掉（用吻来消除忧愁、眼泪等）kitchen [5kitFin] n. 厨房【例句】①Mum has been working in thekitchen all day. 妈妈已在厨房忙了一整天。②The restaurant is with a fine French kitchen. 这家餐馆的法式烹饪法不错。kite [kait] n. 风筝【例句】To fly like a kite如风筝般飘动，像风筝那样飘动。【词组】fl a kite放风筝；开空头支票；试探舆论knife [naif] n. 刀，小刀【例句】The knife cuts very well. 这把刀切起来很快。【搭配】knife and fork 刀叉know [nEu] vt. ①知道，认识‖②会，掌握…的知识vi. 知道，了解【例句】As far as I know, she is a teacher. 据我所知她是个教师。【词组】know about了解，知道…的情况；知道关于as you know如你所知；正如你知道的Llake [leik] n. 湖，湖泊【例句】We rowed a boat on the lake. 我们在湖上划船。lamb [lAm] n. ①小羊，羔羊‖②羔羊肉【例句】I prefer lamb chops to pork chops. 我喜欢羊排胜过猪排。【助记】谐音：“来嘛”→大灰狼对小羊羔说“到我这里来嘛”lamp [lAmp] n. 灯【例句】There are electric lamps in the streets. 街上有电灯。land [lAnd] n. ①陆地，地面‖②土地，田地‖③国家，国土v. 使…着陆，登陆，靠岸【例句】New buildings appreciates the value of land. 新建筑物提高了土地的价值。【词组】by land走陆路【派生】landing n. 登陆；码头；楼梯平台large [lB:dV] adj. 大的n. 大[只用于短语]【例句】She hauled her large box into the room. 她把那只大箱子拖进了房间。【词组】by and large大体上，总的说来at large①大多数‖②未被捕的【派生】largely adv. 主要地；大部分；大量地last [lB:st] adj. ①最后的‖②最近的，紧接前面的adv. 最后(地)，上一次，最近一次vi. 持续，维持【例句】Wait until the last second before boarding the train. 等到上火车之前的最后一秒钟。【词组】at last 最后；终于late [leit] adj. ①迟的，晚的‖②晚期的，末期的‖③最近的，已故的adv. 迟，晚【例句】I saw Mr. Wang as late as yesterday. 直到昨天我还看见过王先生。【词组】late on后来；以后；过后later [5leitE] adv. 后来，过一会儿【例句】I’ll tell you all about it later on. 晚些时候我再把有关这一切告诉你。【词组】later on后来，过些时侯sooner or later迟早laugh [lB:f] v. 笑n. 笑(声)【例句】We used to laugh at their provincial manners. 我们以前常常嘲笑他们粗俗的举止。【词组】laugh at嘲笑；因…而发笑【助记】乐阿 复(反复的笑个不停)。笑；发笑law [lC:] n. ①法律‖②法规，法制‖③定律，规律【例句】A breakdown of law and civilized behavior. 法制与文明行为的崩溃。【词组】by law根据法律，在法律上；附则【派生】lawful adj. 合法的；法定的；法律许可的lazy [5leizi] adj. 懒惰的，懒散的【例句】Judy is too lazy to wash the breakfast dishes. 朱迪懒的连早餐的盘子都不愿洗。leaf [li:f] n. ①叶子‖②张，页‖③薄金属片【例句】The leaf is oval in shape. 叶呈椭圆形。learn [lE:n] v. ①学习，学会‖②得知，获悉‖③记住【例句】He should learn how to conduct a meeting. 他应当学习如何主持会议。【词组】learn from向…学习learn of听说，听到；获悉【助记】立（l）起耳朵（ear），才能（ n. ）学会音乐知识。leave [li:v] vt. ①离开‖②留下，剩下，使处于(某种状态)‖③遗留，遗忘‖④听任，让‖⑤交托，委托vi. 离开，出发n. ①许可，准许‖②准假，假期【例句】The car left a trail of exhaust fumes车子留下废气的痕迹【词组】leave alone①让独自呆着‖②不打扰，不干预leave behind①不带，忘了带‖②遗留，留下leave out遗漏，省略left [left] adj. 左边的，左侧的adv. 向左，在左侧n. ①左面，左边‖②(L—) 左派【例句】The school is on the left of the road. 学校在马路的左边。【词组】on the left 在左边leg [le^] n. 腿(部)【词组】leg up帮助（对上马或跨越障碍时的）lend [lend] vt. 把…借给，贷给，出借【例句】They never lent money to others. 他们从不把钱借给别人。【词组】lend out租出去；借出lesson [5lesn] n. ①课业，功课，课程‖②教训，经验【例句】He illustrates the lesson with a picture. 他用一张图片来说明这篇课文。【词组】teach a lesson给…一个教训let [let] vt. ①让，允许‖②设，使‖③出租【词组】let alone①更别提‖②不打扰，不惊动let down使失望，放下let...off①排放‖②放过，宽恕let out①放走，释放‖②发出letter [5letE(r)] n. ①字母，文字‖②信，函件【例句】Remember me to your father in your letter. 你在信上给 我带一笔，问你父亲好。【词组】to the letter 严格地，不折不扣地；严格按照字句less [les] adj. & adv. ①更小的 (地) ，更少的 (地) ‖②较次(劣)的(地)，较不重要的(地)【例句】If you upend the box it will take less space. 如果你将盒子竖起来，它就可以少占些空间。【词组】less than小于no less仍然；不相上下；依旧no less than恰好，不少于不far less远不及none the less仍然level [5lev(E)l] n. ①水平面，水平线‖②等级，水平adj. 平的，水平的【例句】The garden is arranged on two levels. 花园分两层。【词组】on the level诚实的；可靠的；坦率地；老实说level up提升library [5laibrEri] n. ①图书馆，图书室‖②藏书【例句】They commissioned an architect to design the new library. 他们委托一位建筑师设计这座新图书馆。life [laif] n. ①生命，性命‖②生物‖③寿命，一生‖④生活，生存【例句】Qian Xueshen devoted his whole life to the study of science. 钱学森一辈子献身于科学研究。【词组】service life使用寿命；使用期限；耐用年限lift [lift] v. ①提升，抬起，举起‖②(尤指云、雾)消散n. ①举起，升起‖②搭便车‖③电梯【例句】The helicopterlifted the entire team to the meet. 直升飞机把全队空运到运动会现场。【词组】lift from从…提起light [lait] n. ①光，光线‖②灯，光源‖③日光，白昼v. ①点燃，点着‖②照亮adj. ①轻的，浅色的‖②不费力的，轻松的【例句】He is a bitlight in the head since his accident. 他从那次意外事故以后总是有点儿头晕。【词组】in the light of根据，按照；当作light on偶然遇见（碰见，发现）；停落于【派生】lighting n. 照明设备，舞台灯光like [laik] adj. 相像的，相同的prep. 像，和…一样v. 喜欢，希望，想要【例句】Go whenever you like. 你随便什么时候去都可以。line [lain] n. ①线，(文章的)行‖②电线，线路‖③路线，航线vt. (使)排成行【例句】①Write on the lines of thepaper. 顺着纸上的线条书写。②I keep dialing, but the line seems dead. 我一直在拨号，但线路似乎断了。【词组】in line协调；成一直线；有秩序 adj. 联机的in line with 符合；与…一致on line 在线的；联机的line up(for)：(使)排队，(使)排成行lion [5laiEn] n. 狮子【例句】As usual, the lion’s share of the budget is for defence. 预算中的最大一项照例是国防费用。【助记】分析：li—“梨”的拼音；on—上；记忆方法：谁敢把一个梨放在狮子的头上？lip [lip] n. 嘴唇【例句】He pushed out his lower lip. 他努出他的下嘴唇。list [list] n. 目录，名单，表v. 列举，排列【例句】He crossed his name off the list. 他把他的名字从名单上划掉。【词组】a list of 一览表，清单；一列【助记】谐音记忆：“理死他”，面对一大堆的清单，肯定得理死他。listen [5lisn] vi. ①听‖②听信，听从【例句】Listen to thenoise of the wind in the trees. 倾听林间的风声。【词组】listen to听，听从little [5litl] adj. ①小的‖②不多的，少到几乎没有的n. 几乎没有，极少adv. 少到几乎没有，毫不【例句】He angers with little provocation. 他受了点小刺激就发怒。live [liv] v. ①住，居住‖②生存，(过)生活【例句】We should live by our own principles. 我们应该按照自己的原则生活。【词组】live by靠…过活live on(upon)靠…生存live up to不辜负…的期望live [liv] adj. ①有生命的，活的‖②现场直播的adv. 实况地London [5lQndEn] n. 伦敦long [lCN] adj. ①长(的)‖②长时间的，长期的adv. 长期地，长久地vi. 渴望【例句】These young ladsare longing to go to watch the football match. 这几个小伙子极想去观看足球赛。【词组】long for渴望【派生】length n. 长度，长；时间的长短；（语）音长look [luk] vi. ①看，瞧‖②看起来，显得n. ①看，望‖②外表，脸色【例句】The teacher toldus to look at the blackboard. 老师叫我们看黑板。【词组】look after照顾，寻求look at看look back回顾look down upon俯视，轻视look for寻找look forward to期待look in顺便看望look into调查，观察look on观望，旁观look over检查，原谅look through仔细查看look up查阅look up to敬重，尊敬lose [lu:z] vt. ①丢失，失去‖②迷路，使迷惑‖③输掉vi. ①亏本‖②失败，输掉【例句】He’s always losing his keys on the way out the door. 他经常在路上丢失钥匙。【词组】lose oneself迷路lose sight of忽略；不再看见lose face丢脸lose oneself in陶醉于lose out输掉，失败lose by因…而吃亏；因…而遭受损失【助记】落次(次之)，失落；失去【派生】lost adj. 失去的；丧失的；迷惑的loser n. 失败者；遗失者lot [lCt] n. ①许多，大量‖②签，抽签【例句】①This project involves a lot of complex technical problems. 这个方案牵涉到许多复杂的技术问题。②She was chosen by lot to represent us. 她抽中签当我们的代表。loud [laud] adj. & adv. 大声的(地)，响亮的(地)【例句】The teacher’svoice is very loud; we can all hear it. 老师的声音很大，我们都听得见。【词组】out loud响亮地；大声地【派生】loudly adv. 大声地，响亮地love [lQv] vt. ①爱，热爱‖②爱好，喜欢n. 爱，爱情，喜欢【词组】fall in love with爱上love for对…的热爱【助记】音“拉舞”。解：拉着手跳舞的人有了爱情。【派生】lovely adj. 可爱的；令人愉快的lover n. 爱人，恋人；爱好者low [lEu] adj. ①低的，矮的‖②低下的，低等的【例句】Rain collects in the lows. 雨水聚在低洼地。【派生】lowly adj. 卑贱的；地位低的；谦逊的luck [lQk] n. ①运气‖②幸运，好运【例句】With any luck, they might make on the deal. 只要能交上一点好运，他们就能在这笔交易中获利。【词组】good luck好运；祝您（你）好运bad luck运气不好，坏运气；噩运in luck运气好out of luck运气不好with luck如果一切顺利的话by luck侥幸地【派生】lucky adj. 幸运的；侥幸的lunch [lQntF] n. 午餐，便饭【例句】She promenaded the children along the sea front after lunch. 她午饭后领着孩子们沿着海滨区散步。【词组】at lunch午餐时；吃午餐【助记】lunch 午餐吃多了，喝多了就这样MMa [mB:] n. 妈妈，母亲madam [5mAdEm] n. (妇女的尊称) 士，夫人make [meik] v. ①做，制造‖②使，致使‖③迫使‖④获得，挣‖⑤等于，总计【例句】A favorable review from him can make a play successful. 他赞赏的评论能使这场戏成功。【词组】be made from由…制造(经化学变化)be made of由…制造(经物理变化)make for①走向‖②有助于make out①理解‖②认出，看出‖③填写，开列make up①弥补，补足‖②编造，虚构‖③化装make up for补偿，弥补male [meil] n. & adj. 男性(的)，雄性(的)【例句】The housedescended through the male heirs for three centuries. 这座房子由男性继承人相传了三个世纪。man [mAn] n. ①男人‖②人，人类【例句】If you want a good music teacher, here’s your man. 如果你需要一位良好的音乐教师，这便是你所需的人。【助记】蛮(野蛮)，男人many [5meni] adj. 许多的，多的pron. 许多人或物，许多【例句】I never want to have another experience like that. I’ve had one toomany.我永远不想再有一次那样的经历了，那一次已经够多的啦。map [mAp] n. 图，地图【例句】The place is not found on the map. 地图上找不到这个地方。March [mB:tF] n. 三月math(s) [mAWs] n. 数学【例句】①He surpassed me in maths. 他的数学比我学得好。②I’m swotting at maths for the final examination. 我正在为期末考试刻苦攻读数学。May [mei] n. 五月may [mei] aux.v. ①可能，也许‖②可以，被允许‖③祝，愿【例句】It may rain this afternoon. 今天下午可能会下雨。【词组】may as well还是…好maybe [5meibi] adv. 大概，也许【例句】Maybe religion should help to straighten him out. 也许宗教信仰可以使他改邪归正。【助记】没比(没法比)，大概；或许me [mi:7mi] pron. [I的宾格] 我meal [mi:l] n. 一餐，膳食【例句】We have three meals a day. 我们一天吃3顿饭。【词组】have a meal吃饭set meal套餐；客饭meat [mi:t] n. 肉【例句】We feed our dogs on fresh meat. 我们用新鲜的肉喂我们的狗。medicine [5medsEn] n. ①药‖②医学，医术【例句】The medicine worked. 药物奏效了。【词组】take the medicine吃药meet [mi:t] v. ①遇到，碰见‖②会见，相识‖③遭到，经历‖④满足，符合n. 聚会，运动会【例句】Will there be sufficient stocks to meet our demand?有足够的存货满足我们的需求吗?【词组】meet with符合；偶然遇见；遭受meet for为…而聚在一起meet up偶然遇到meet up with偶遇；碰面；符合标准meet together集合；楼台会【派生】meeting n. 会议；会见；集会；汇合点meeting [5mi:tiN] n. 会议，聚会【例句】We all attended the meeting. 我们全体都参加了会议。men [men] n. man的复数menu [5menju:] n. 菜单【例句】The waiter handed each guest a menu. 服务员递给每个顾客一份菜单。【助记】发音记忆：“卖牛”→卖了心爱的牛看菜单上有牛肉很难受→菜单message [5mesidV] n. ①消息，信息，口信‖②启示，要旨【例句】He tried togesticulate a message. 他试图用手势来传递信息。【词组】leave a message留言，留口信metre [5mi:tE] n. ①米，公尺‖②仪表，计量器middle [5midl] n. ①中间，中部‖②中等物，中问物adj. ①中间的‖②中等的，中级的【例句】In the middle of the night, two boyswoke up and began shouting. 在半夜里，两个孩子醒了并大声喊起来。【词组】in the middle of在…中间，在…的中途midnight [5mid7nait] n. 午夜，子夜【例句】①We stayed up yarning untilmidnight. 我们讲故事一直讲到半夜才睡。②It’s close on midnight. 已近午夜了。【搭配】at midnight 在午夜might [mait] aux.v. [may的过去式]【例句】Might I suggest a stroll after lunch?午饭后是不是可以去散步?【词组】might as well还是…的好；不妨might well有可能mile [mail] n. 英里【例句】She’s feeling miles better today. 她今天觉得好多了。【词组】miles away相隔千里，千里之外；心不在焉run a mile避而远之milk [milk] n. 牛奶，乳v. 挤奶【例句】It is no use crying over the spilt milk. 事已至此，徒悲无益。【助记】分析：mi—“米”的拼音；lk—“立刻”的拼音首字母；记忆方法：把米加入水中立刻就成了牛奶【派生】milky adj. 乳白色的；牛奶的；乳状的；柔和的；混浊不清的mini [5mini] n. 迷你裙【例句】The basic designof the Mini has held good for more than twenty-five years.微型汽车的基本设计已经适用了25年以上。【搭配】mini skirt迷你裙；超短裙mini golf迷你高尔夫球场mini bus小型公共汽车；小巴士mirror [5mirE] n. ①镜子‖②反映，反射vt. 反映，反射【例句】The trees weremirrored in the still water of the lake. 静静的湖水映出岸上的树木。【词组】mirror image镜中人[物]，镜像【助记】音，“美若”。有句俗话，艳若桃李，冷若冰霜，形容一个冷美人。她或许爱照镜子吧，也就有了这样一说，美若桃李，爱照镜子。miss1 [mis] n. (M—) 小姐【例句】Don’t miss her. She is a married woman. 不要以小姐称呼她, 她是已婚妇女。miss2 [mis] vt. ①错过，未赶上‖②惦念，想念【例句】I don’t want to miss seeing that film on television. 我不想错过在电视上看那部电影。【词组】miss out on错过机会；错失了…hit or miss不论成功与否；无计划的；漫不经心的【派生】missing adj. 失踪的；缺少的Monday [5mQndi] n. 星期一money [5mQni] n. ①货币‖②财富，金钱【例句】I’d like to deposit some money. 我想存点儿钱。【词组】make money挣钱；发财for money现款交易hot money游资，（为追求高额利润而流动的）短期流动资金out of money手头没钱，贫困；赌输month [mQnW] n. 月，月份【例句】What are you going to do next month?下个月你准备做什么？moon [mu:n] n. ①月亮，月球‖②月光‖③卫星【例句】She spent the day mooning about her lost love. 她整天都在痴痴地想她失去的爱情。【词组】over the moon兴高采烈；欣喜若狂【助记】moon 想想月夜下，在荒野停泊的意境。more [mC:] adj. ①更多的，较高程度的‖②另外的n. ①更多数量，较多数量‖②额外的一些adv. ①更，更多‖②另外，再【例句】The more he has, the more he wants. 他拥有的愈多愈想要。【词组】all the more越发more or less或多或少，大约no more than不过，仅仅not...any more不再nothing morethan仅仅，只不过once more再一次what is more更甚者morning [5mC:niN] n. 早晨，上午【例句】I’ll ring her up in the morning. 我明天上午给她打电话。【搭配】in the morning 在清晨；次日上午mother [5mQTE] n. 妈妈，母亲【例句】She’s a mother of three. 她是三个孩子的妈妈。mountain [5mauntin] n. ①山，高山‖②( pl.)山脉‖③大量【例句】They are climbing the high mountain. 他们正在攀登那座高山。【助记】拆分：mou—谋反；nt—那天的拼音；ain—形似rain雨mouse [maus] n. ①鼠，老鼠‖②胆小怕事的人‖③鼠标【例句】He moused about for money. 他偷偷摸摸地四处寻找钱。【助记】分析：mo—“摸”的拼音；us— 我们；e—“鹅”的拼音；记忆方法：老鼠摸得我们变成了鹅mouth [mauW] n. 口，嘴vt. ①说出‖②夸大地说【例句】This creek mouths into the sea. 这条小河注入到大海里。【词组】from mouth to mouth广泛流传in the mouth of出于…之口；据说mouth off粗暴地讲话；顶嘴；粗鲁地说Mr. [`mIstE(r)] n. 先生Mrs. [5misiz] n. 夫人Ms. (Miss or Mistress) [miz] n. (对婚姻状况不明的女子的称呼)女士much [mQtF] adj. 许多的pron. 许多，大量adv. ①很，非常‖②(在比较级或最高级前)…得多，更‖③几乎，大概【例句】①Muchas I would like to stay, I really must go home. 我倒是很愿意呆在这儿，可确实得回家了。②The patient is much the same this morning. 今晨病人情况几无变化。【搭配】so much 这么；非常；达到这种程度much more 更加；多得多as much 也；同样多的much as 虽然，尽管（表让步）；非常像，和…几乎一样how much 多少，多少钱be too much for非…所能对付mind [maind] n. ①头脑，思维‖②记忆‖③注意，注意力‖④想法，意向v. ①注意，当心‖②介意，反对‖③照料，照看【例句】①An idea flashed across hismind. 他脑子里闪过一个念头。②He is one of the great minds ofthe age. 他是当代的伟人之一。【词组】mind out当心；注意change one’smind改变主意give sb. a pieceof one’s mind直言相告；斥责bear/keep inmind记住have in mind记得，记住；想到，考虑到make up one’smind下决心，打定主意in one’s mind’seye想像，记忆never mind没关系，不用担心to my mind我以为，据我看来，按照我的想法with presence ofmind镇定自若地。mine [main] pron.[I 的物主代词] 我的【例句】He is a distant cousin of mine. 他是我的一位远房表亲。minute [5minit] n. ①分，分钟‖②一会儿，片刻‖③( pl. )会议记录【例句】①You must learn how to takeminutes. 你必须学会做会议纪要。②I’ll join you in a minute. 我立刻就来和你们相会。【词组】in a minute很快；马上every minute 完全，彻底；时时刻刻last minute 最后一刻；紧急关头at any minute随时，在任何时刻minute down把…记录下来on the minute准时，一分钟不差up to the minute最新的，最新式的【助记】会议记录 mini ＋ te 缩小；将几小时的会议缩成几分钟的记录；将每分钟的内容记下来moment [5mEumEnt] n. ①片刻，瞬间‖②某一个特定时刻【例句】I’ll be back in a moment. 我一会儿就回来。【派生】momentary adj. 瞬间的；短暂的；随时会发生的monkey [5mQNki] n. 猴子【例句】He’s as mischievous as a monkey! 他像猴子那么顽皮！【词组】monkey about/around调皮；捣蛋get the monkeyoff [美俚]戒除吸毒恶习monkey with瞎弄；乱搞【助记】补充了donkey和monk两词，让学生在幽默中记住了这三个词。most [mEust] adj. ①最多的，最大程度的‖②大部分的pron. ①最大量‖②大多数，大部分adv. 最，十分【例句】Most of the people are aware of it. 多数人知道这个。【词组】at the(very)most至多，不超过for the mostpart多半，在极大程度上make the most of尽量利用movie [5mu:vi] n. 电影，电影院mum [mQm] n. 母亲，妈妈museum [mju(:)5ziEm] n. 博物馆【例句】The museum has many immemorial cultural relics. 该博物馆收藏了很多极其古老的文物。music [5mju:zik] n. 音乐，乐曲【派生】musician n. 音乐家must [mQst] aux.v. ①必须，应当‖②必定会‖③很可能【例句】Something must be done about it. 必须得想个办法。my [mai] pron.[I的所有格] 我的myself [mai5self] pron. ①[反身代词]我自己‖②我亲自【例句】①Do I make myself clear?我说清楚了吗?②I finished the crossword (all) by myself. 我自己（一个人）做出的纵横填字字谜。【搭配】by myself独立完成as for myself至于我自己Nname [neim] n. ①名字，姓名‖②名声，名望‖③知名人士‖④名义vt. ①给…取名‖②列举‖③任命，提名adv. 即，也就是【例句】The child was named after its father. 那个孩子是按他父亲的名字取的名。【词组】be named after以…名字命名make a name出名in the name of以…的名义name for以…命名by name名叫；凭名字under the nameof以…的名义；名叫…【派生】named adj. 命名的；指定的；被指名的naming n. 命名near [niE] adj. ①近的，不远的‖②亲密的adv. ①接近，靠近‖②差不多，大约prep. & v. 接近【例句】I’ve nowherenear enough for the fare. 我的钱肯定不够买车票的。【词组】near by在附近，临近as near as几乎，差不多【助记】那儿(在那儿)，近；不远neck [nek] n. 脖子，颈【例句】Giraffes have very long necks. 长颈鹿的脖子很长。【词组】pain in the neck 极讨厌的人或事up to one’s neck手边的事情太多；忙的不可开交need [ni:d] n. & v. 需要，缺少aux.v. 需要，必需【例句】Our needs are modest. 我们的必需品是谦虚。【词组】in need of需要meet the needs满足…需要need for对…的需要；需要…in need of需要…时at need困难之时；必要时never [5nevE] adv. 永不，从不，决不，从来没有【例句】He had neverbeen there before. 他以前从未到过那里。【词组】never do绝对不行，绝不可以never ever绝不，从不now or never勿失良机，机不可失；把握现在new [nju:] adj. ①新的，新近的‖②新来的‖③不熟悉的【例句】The police foundnew fingerprints on the light switch. 警察在灯开关上发现了新留下的指纹。【词组】new to sb.未见过的；未经历过的；生疏的【助记】〔颠倒词〕新(new)闻〈wen〉【派生】newish adj. 尚新的；稍微新的newly adv. 最近；重新；以新的方式news [nju:z] n. 新闻【例句】The requirement was news to him. 这种要求对他而言是新情况。【助记】音“牛死，妞死”。newspaper [5nju:s7peipE(r)] n. 报纸【例句】He writes leading articles for the newspaper. 他为报纸写社论。【助记】news（新闻）＋paper（纸）next [nekst] adj. ①下一个的，最近的‖②接下来的‖③隔壁的，邻近的adj. & adv. ①其次，然后‖②下次prep. 靠近，贴近n. 下一个人或物【例句】Next to skiing, she likes hiking. 除了滑雪，她最喜欢徒步旅行。【词组】come next继而是，随着，跟着nice [nais] adj. ①美好的，令人愉快的‖②友好的，亲切的【例句】Did you boys have a nice Christmas?孩子们，你们圣诞节过得愉快吗?night [nait] n. ①夜晚‖②黑暗，黑夜【例句】You’ve been having too many late nights recently. 你近来晚睡的次数太多了。【词组】at nigh在夜间night and day夜以继日by night在夜里all night long整夜，通宵nine [nain] num. 九ninth [nainW] num. 第九【例句】Billy is fourteen years old and in the ninth grade. 比利十四岁，在上九年级。nineteen [5nain5ti:n] num. 十九nineteenth [5nain5ti:nW] n. 第十九【例句】No antenna, no radio, we’re back in the nineteenth century! 没有天线，没有无线电，我们回到十九世纪了。ninety [5nainti] num. 九十no [nEu] adv. ①[用于回答]不‖②[用在形容词和副词的比较级前]并不adj. ①毫无‖②并非‖③不许n. 不，否定【例句】①I have no time at all to writeto you. 我根本没时间给你写信。②No two men think alike. 人心各异(一个人一条心)。【词组】no less than多达，竟达no longer不再no more不再nobody [5nEubEdi] pron. 没有人，无一人n. 无足轻重的人【例句】She likes nobody and nobody likes her. 她谁都不喜欢，也没有人喜欢她。【词组】nobody else 没有其他人noise [nCiz] n. 噪音，喧闹声【例句】Did you hear any noise just now?刚才你听见什么声音了吗?【词组】make noises口头发表…意见，嘴上说big noise有影响的人，名人；耸人听闻的声明make a noise吵闹，喧哗；成为众人谈论或注意的对象【派生】noisy adj. 嘈杂的；喧闹的；聒噪的noon [nu:n] n. 中午，正午【例句】At noon, the sun is high in the sky. 正午，烈日当空。north [nC:W] n. 北，北方adj. 北的，北方的adv. 向北方【例句】The northcentral states have a very different kind of climate. 中北部各州的气候大不相同。【词组】north America北美洲north of …的北边；在…以北north Korea朝鲜；北韩in the north在…的北部，在北方north china华北north pole北极nose [nEuz] n. 鼻子vt. 闻出，探出vi. 嗅，闻【例句】She had to blow her nose to clear it when she had a cold. 当她感冒时不得不擤鼻子。【词组】under one’s nose就在某人眼皮底下，当着某人的面noseabout/around搜寻on the nose正好，恰恰nose for探听nose into查探，探听nose out比…略胜一筹not [nCt] adv. 不，不是【例句】①She is not only smart butbrilliant. 她不仅聪明过人而且才华横溢。②All that glitters is not gold. [谚] 发光的东西未必都是黄金。【词组】not at all别客气；毫不；一点也不not only…butalso不但…而且…not yet尚未，还没有if not for要不是；若非nothing [5nQWiN] pron. 什么也没有n. 微不足道的人或事【例句】Nothing but a miracle can save her now. 现在只有出现奇迹她才能得救。【词组】for nothing免费；徒然，没有结果，白白地nothing but只不过，仅仅have nothing todo 无事可做now [nau] adv. ①现在，目前‖②立刻n. 现在，此刻conj. 既然【词组】from now on从今以后just now①刚才‖②眼下now and then时而，不时now that既然by now到目前为止；到如今November [nEu5vembE] n. 十一月number [5nQmbE] n. ①数，数字‖②号码【例句】The South had leaders, the Northnumbers. 南方有领导上的优势，北方有数量上的优势。【词组】a great number of许多in number总共；在数字上to the number of合计数为…；达到…的数目by the numbers系统地；按常规地nurse [nE:s] n. ①护士‖②保姆‖③保育员v. ①看护，照顾‖②喂奶【例句】The baby was nursing/being nursedat its mother’s breast. 那个孩子正在吃母亲的奶。【词组】at nurse①(孩子)由别人照看(或抚养)②(家产)由别人代管【派生】nursing n. 护理；看护；养育Oocean[5EuFEn] n. 海洋【词组】an ocean of 极多的；无穷无尽的【派生】oceanic adj. 海洋的；海洋产出的；广阔无垠的o’clock [E5klCk] adv. …点钟【例句】What time is it? It’s 8 o’clock. 几点钟了？八点钟。October [Ck5tEubE] n. 十月【例句】His book is due to be published in October. 他的书预定十月份出版。of [Cv,Ev] prep. ①…的，(属于)…的‖②[部分]…之中的，在…之中‖③[数量，程度]…的，…数量的‖④ [材料] …做的，用…制的‖⑤[表示范围，方面的] 关于…的，在…方面‖⑥[同位关系] …这个‖⑦ [位置，距离，离开]…的，距离…‖⑧[起源，根源，原因]…的，因…，从…‖⑨ [表示具有某种性质，状态]有…的，…的‖⑩[表示动作的主客体]‖⑾[构成时间状语]‖⑿[表示解除，免除]【例句】①I’m under a lot of pressure. 我的压力很大。②Myphone was out of order. 我的电话坏了。【词组】of oneself自动地，自发地of all在所有…当中of itself自行off [C(:)f] adv. & adj. ①脱离 (的)‖②离去(的)‖③(断)掉(的)，停止(的)，关着(的) ‖④休息(的)，没工作(的)prep. 从…离开【例句】I must have dozed off. 我一定是打盹了。【词组】far off远get off脱衣；下马off and on断断续续地off with （用于祈使句）去除；脱掉go off离开；进行；变质；睡去right off立刻；马上from off从…离开off and on断断续续地，时不时地straight off立即；马上from the off [英国俚语] 从头开始；从起点开始，从一开始office [5Cfis] n. ①办公室‖②服务处‖③官职，重要的职位【例句】①She works in an office. 她在办公室工作。②I heard about your new job on/through the office grapevine.我是通过办公室的小道消息才听说你找到了新工作。often [5C(:)fn] adv. 经常，常常【例句】①Children often dislikehomework. 孩子们通常都不喜欢家庭作业。②He often does this. 他经常干这种事。oh [EJ] int. (表示惊讶，恐惧，痛苦等) 哦，哎呀呀【例句】Oh, it’s nice of you to say so. 哦，谢谢你这么说。oil [Cil] n. 油，石油vt. 给…加油【例句】That is an oil painting of alandscape in spring. 那是一幅描绘春天景色的油画。【助记】哦 油，油【派生】oily adj. 油的；油质的；油滑的；油腔滑调的okay [EJ5kei] adj. & adv. 对，好，可以n. 同意，许可【例句】He made an okay decision. 他做出同意的决定。old [Euld] adj. ①年老的，上年纪的‖②…岁的‖③长时间的，老的‖④过去的，以前的【例句】①She was 12 years old. 她十二岁了。②He lived in a ramshackle, old tenement。他住在一间摇摇欲坠，陈旧的廉价公寓里on [Cn] prep. ①在…上‖②朝向，向着‖③在…的时候‖④关于‖⑤在…着，在…中‖⑥依靠…‖⑦根据…adv. ①向前，继续‖②穿着，戴着【例句】I’m on in five minutes. 我五分钟后上场。【词组】on and on继续不断地and so on等等；诸如此类just on将近，差不多on and off断断续续地，不时地on and on继续不停地once [wQns] adv. 一次，曾经conj. 一（旦）…就n. 一次【例句】Once he goes, we can clean up. 他一走，我们就能清理。【词组】(all)at once突然once in a while偶尔，间或onceagain/more/over再一次once and again一而再，再三once for all再也不，一劳永逸地once upon a time从前one [wQn] num. 一，一个pron. 一个人，任何人adj. ①一个的‖②某一…的‖③同一的【例句】①This is the one I like best. 这是我最喜欢的一个。②She visited one of her cousins. 她去拜访了一位表亲。oneself [wQn5self] pron. ① [反身代词] 自己‖②亲自【例句】One can congratulate oneself on one’s victories. 一个人也可以自己庆祝自己的胜利。【词组】to oneself独自享用(all) byoneself独自地of oneself 自动地，自发地onion [5QnjEn] n. 洋葱【例句】He is really agood onion. 他真是个大好人。【词组】good onion [美俚]讨人喜欢的人，好小伙子only [5Eunli] adv. 只，仅仅，才adj. 唯一的，仅有的conj. 可是，只不过【例句】I only work here. 我只在这里工作。【词组】only just刚刚，恰好only not简直是，跟…差不多not only… but(also)…不但…而且…only for要是没有only when只有当…才能only if只要…就；只是在…的时候only then直到那时（后面的句子要倒装）only once只有一次onto [5Cntu] prep. 到…上【例句】The dog jumped onto the chair. 这条狗跳到了椅子上面。【词组】be onto sb. [sth.]充分了解某人[某事]open [5EupEn] adj. ①开(着)的‖②开阔的，敞开的‖③营业的‖④开放的vt. ①(打)开，将…打开‖②开始‖③打通，开辟vi. ①开(放)，裂开‖②开始【例句】The play opens next week. 这出戏剧将于下星期公开演出。【词组】open up展开，摊开in open公开地open with以…开始；始于open on开放；通往【派生】opening n. 开始；机会；通路or [C:] conj. ①或，或者，还是‖②不然，否则‖③或者说，即【例句】He can’t read or write. 他不会看书也不会写字。【词组】or else否则or rather更确切地说or so大约，或许orange [5CrindV] n. ①橙(树)，橘(树)‖②橙色，橘色adj. ①橙的，橘的‖②橙色的，橘色的other [5QTE] adj. 其他的，别的pron. 其他的人或事【例句】Any other person would tell the truth. 别人一定会说出真相。【词组】none other than不是别的，正是other than除…之外every other每隔…one after theother一个接一个地the other day几天前each other彼此，互相on the otherhand另一方面ought [C:t] aux.v. 应该，本应【例句】He ought to havekept his promise. 他原本应该遵守自己的诺言。【词组】ought to do sth.应该；应该做某事our [5auE] pron. [we的所有格] 我们的ours [5auEz] pron. [we的物主代词] 我们的【例句】Their system is different to ours. 他们的制度和我们的不同。ourselves [7auE5selvz, a:-] pron. ① [反身代词]我们自己‖②我们亲自【例句】Previous to the conference we had discussed the matter amongourselves.在会议之前，我们讨论了这个问题。【词组】by ourselves 我们自己；独自地out [aut] adv. ①出去，向外‖②离家，外出‖③突出来‖④彻底地adj. 外面的，往外去的【例句】The fire has gone out. 火已熄灭。【词组】all out尽最大努力out and out完全（的）；彻头彻尾（的）out of在外面；在…之外；出于；失去…；缺乏go out出去；熄灭；过时out with拿出；赶出go out of从…出来，离开do out打扫；收拾do someone outof①向某人骗取(或诈取)②(用欺骗手段)使某人失去(或得不到)out and away大大地，远远地over [5EuvE] prep. ①在…上面‖②覆盖…‖③越过…，横跨‖④多于，超过‖⑤遍及，到处‖⑥关于，在…方面adv. ①翻过来‖②超过‖③越过‖④在那边，向那边‖⑤再adj. 结束，完了【例句】He sprinkled sugar over his cereal. 他在麦片粥里撒上了糖。【词组】all over again重新，再一遍over with做完，完成；结束over against在…对面；正对着；与…相反；与…形成对照own [Eun] adj. 自己的pron. 特有的vt. 拥有【例句】Nobody owned up to the theft. 这件偷窃事没有人承认是自己干的。【词组】of one’s own属于某人自己的on one’s own独立地，独自地hold one’s own独自地，独力地own up坦白；爽快承认make one’s own把…看做是自己的Ppage [peidV] n. 页，张【例句】Mr. Black is being paged. 有人在叫布莱克先生的名字要找他。【词组】page in置入分页；页入pair [pZE] n. ①一对，一双，一副‖②一对男女(夫妇等)vt. 使成对【例句】Two more pairs of trousers are dirty. 另外两条裤子脏了。【词组】in pairs成双地，成对地make a pair结成夫妻，配成一对pair off成对而去；把…分成对【助记】配偶，一双；配对panda [5pAndE] n. 熊猫【例句】A panda lives on bamboo leaves. 熊猫以吃竹叶为生。【助记】小熊猫盼〈pan〉长大〈da〉paper [5peipE] n. ①纸‖②报纸‖③文章，论文‖④考卷‖⑤票据【例句】All difficulties are also paper tigers. 一切困难也都是纸老虎。【词组】on paper在纸上；在理论上；以书面形式paper sth. over用壁纸覆盖某物，隐瞒或掩饰（分歧、错误或困难）（尤指仓促或有漏洞）parent [5pZErEnt] n. ①父亲，母亲‖②动(植)物的母体‖③起源，根本park [pB:k] n. ①公园‖②停车场v. 停放(车辆)【例句】①We were playing in the park. 我们正在公园里玩耍。②Don’t park the car in this street. 不得在这条街上停车。part [pB:t] n. ①部分，局部‖②一方‖③职责，作用‖④角色‖⑤零件vt. ①分，使分开‖②断绝(关系)vi. ①分开，分叉‖②断裂‖③分手，断绝关系【例句】We each do our part to keep the house clean. 我们各尽其职以保持房屋的清洁。【词组】play a part in①起作用‖②扮演角色part with与…分手take part in参加take sth. ingood part对某事物往好处想；不计较；不介意【派生】partial adj. 局部的；偏爱的；不公平的parting adj. 离别的；分开的；逝去的partition n. 划分，分开；隔墙；隔离物party [5pB:ti] n. ①社交聚会，宴会‖②党，政党‖③一组，一伙人【例句】That night we partied until dawn. 那晚我们痛饮到天亮。【词组】be (a) party to sth.参与、了解或支持（某行动、计划等）pass [pB:s] v. ①经过，超过‖②通过，穿过‖③度过‖④传递n. ①考试及格‖②通行证，入场券‖③关口，要隘【例句】The river passes through our land. 这条河流经我们的国土。【词组】pass away去世pass by经（路）过pass on传递，向前pass through经过pass over省略，忽略【派生】passage n. 一段（文章）；走廊；通路past [pB:st] prep. 越过，经过，超过n. 过去，往事adj. 过去的【例句】His youth is past. 他的青春已逝。【词组】in the past在过去path [pB:W] n. ①小路，小径‖②路线，轨道，路程【例句】There was a narrow path through the forest. 有一条穿过森林的小路。【词组】path to sth.（达到或成就某事的）途径，方式【助记】近音词 经过(pass)小路(path)pay [pei] v. ①支付，缴纳‖②付清‖③给予，致以(问候)，进行(访问)n. 薪水；工钱，报酬【例句】She paid the price for her unpopular opinions. 她为自己不受欢迎的观点付出了代价。【词组】pay back①偿付，偿还‖②报复pay for①付款‖②偿还pay off①偿清(债务)‖②取得成功【派生】payable adj. 应付的；到期的；可付的；可获利的payment n. 付款，支付；报酬，报答pen [pen] n. 钢笔【例句】I’ve been all over the shop trying to find that pen. 我一直在找那支钢笔。pencil[5pensl] n. 铅笔【例句】He erases pencil marks. 他擦去铅笔的痕迹。【搭配】pencil case文具盒pencil box铅笔盒people[5pi:pl] n. ①人，人们‖②人民‖③民族【例句】The Spartans were a warlike people. 斯巴达人是尚武的民族。【助记】音“皮袍”。现在，人民生活好，个个穿皮袍。per [pE:] prep. 每，通过，按照【例句】The fruit costs 30 pence per kilo. 水果每公斤30便士。【词组】as per 按照，依据，如同period [5piEriEd] n. ①一段时间，时期‖②学时，课时‖③周期，期间‖④句号【例句】Use a period at the end of the sentence. 在一个句子的末尾用句号。【派生】periodical adj. [数]周期的；定期的periodic adj. 周期的；定期的periodical n. 期刊；杂志person [5pE:sn] n. ①人‖②身体‖③人称【例句】We need a person to help us. 我们需要人帮忙。【词组】in person亲自，本人in the personof sb.即某人；乃某人；其人about/on one’sperson带在身上（如在口袋里）【派生】personal adj. 个人的；身体的；亲自的personage n. 要人；角色；名士pet [pet] n. 宠物，宠儿【词组】in a pet发脾气, 生气（尤指为小事）make a pet of宠爱…one’s pethate/aversion耿耿于心的仇恨 [反感]【助记】拍(谐音)→大家都养过宠物，要拍拍它的头，它就会和你关系很好。phone [fEun] n. 电话，电话机v. 打电话【例句】①He phoned to say he couldn’tcome. 他打电话来说，他不能来了。②Avoice on the phone announced itself as Mr. Baker. 电话里的人说他是贝克先生。【搭配】(be) on the phone用电话交谈; 在通话；（指人或公司等）有电话phone (sb.) (up)给（某人）打电话piano [pi5B:nEu] n. 钢琴【例句】He is a wizard at playing the piano. 他是个钢琴奇才。picnic [5piknik] n. 野餐，郊游vi. (去) 野餐【例句】We had a picnic by the sea. 我们在海边搞了一次野餐。【词组】be no picnic有困难或麻烦picture [5piktFE] n. ①画，图画，照片‖②图像，画面‖③影片【例句】It is hard to picture life 200 years ago. 很难想象200年前人们的生活。【词组】in the picture在图中；在画中picturesomething to oneself设想(或想像)某事pie [pai] n. 馅饼【例句】Help yourself to this apple pie. 请吃点苹果馅饼。【助记】拍(拍成的饼)，馅饼piece [pi:s] n. ①块，片，段‖②一件，一张v. 拼凑，拼合【例句】They are lively and well-plotted pieces, both in prose. 这两部作品在叙述上都是很生动且情节精彩的作品。【词组】a piece of一块（片）in pieces破碎piece together拼凑go to pieces精神崩溃piece by piece一块一块地pig [pi^] n. 猪【例句】A pig is a domestic animal. 猪是一种家畜。【词组】when pigs fly永无可能；决不可能pig out狼吞虎咽地大吃；大吃特吃make a pig ofoneself吃得或喝得过多pill [pil] n. 药丸【例句】This pill is to be sucked, not swallowed. 此丸宜含服。【词组】sugar/sweeten the pill降低某事物令人厌恶的程度【助记】解字：p(people)＋ill，记忆：人（们）病了要吃→药丸。pity [5piti] n. ①可怜，同情‖②遗憾的事，不幸的事v. 可怜，同情【例句】It’s a pity she can’t attend the reception. 她不能参加招待会，真是遗憾。【词组】pity (for sb./sth.)同情；怜悯have pity on sb.对某人表示同情或怜悯take pity on sb.出于同情或怜悯而帮助某人out of pity出于同情place [pleis] n. ①地方，地点‖②名次‖③地位，职位‖④寓所vt. ①放置，安置‖②订(货)‖③把…寄托在…【例句】There is place for everyone at the back of the room. 房间后面可以容纳所有的人。【词组】in the first place首先，第一take place发生take the placeof代替，取代in place在适当的地方；合适的，适时的in place of代替change/swap places (with sb.)与某人交换位置/座位等；在他人的处境或环境put sb. in his (proper) place对无礼的或自夸的人加以羞辱plan [plAn] n. ①计划，策略‖②平面图，设计图v. 计划【例句】They plan to buy a house. 他们打算买一套房子。【词组】plan to do打算做，计划做【助记】拆分：plane—飞机，e—鹅的拼音。一只鹅计划从飞机上跳下去，最后鹅不见了。plane [plein] n. ①飞机‖②水准，水平‖③平面【例句】Keep your work on a high plane. 把你的工作保持在较高的水平上。【搭配】by plane 乘飞机horizontal plane[测]水平投影面；[测][天]水平面；[测][天]地平面；红木一字刨play [plei] n. ①游戏，娱乐‖②剧本，戏剧‖③比赛，运动v. ①玩，游戏‖②演奏‖③玩(球等)，与…进行比赛‖④扮演【例句】She is in a play about a famous singer. 她在一出表现一位著名歌唱家的剧中担任角色。【词组】come into play开始活动，开始起作用bring sth. into play使某事物发生作用或影响in play开玩笑地，打趣地play about/around (with sb./sth.)玩弄某人；摆弄或乱弄某物play at sth./being sth.应付事; 敷衍地做play sth. down欲使某事物显得没有实际上那么重要playground [5pleigraJnd] n. 运动场，游戏场【例句】All the schoolchildren ran about in the playground. 所有的小学生都在操场上跑步。plus [plQs] prep. 加上adj. ①正的‖②附加的，有增益的n. 加号，正号【例句】Intelligence plus wit makes for an interesting person. 智慧加上机智就会造就一个有趣的人。police [pE5li:s] n. 警察，警方policeman [pE5li:smEn]  n. 警察【例句】Policemen and policewomen work at a police station. 男女警员在警察局工作。【搭配】traffic policeman交通警察potato [pE5teitEu] n. 马铃薯【例句】This salad is made of apple, pear, potato and celery. 这份色拉是由苹果、梨、土豆和芹菜做成的。【助记】分析：p—“婆”的拼音首字母；ta—“他”的拼音；to—“偷”的谐音；记忆方法： 婆婆的土豆被他偷走了price [prais] n. ①价格‖②代价vt. 标价，定价【例句】Tickets are priced at $75 each. 票价被定为每张75美元。【词组】in price在价格上；在价格方面；就价格而言at a price以很高的代价；以较高的价格at the price of以…的价格；以…的代价prince [prins] n. ①王子‖②(小国的)君主princess [prin5ses] n. 公主，王妃【例句】The wicked old woman charmed the princess with magic words. 这个老巫婆用咒语使公主中了魔。prize [praiz] n. 奖赏，奖金，奖品vt. ①珍视，珍藏‖②给…很高的评价【例句】We prize honor above money. 我们珍视荣誉甚于金钱。pupil [5pju:pl] n. ①学生，小学生‖②(眼睛的)瞳孔【例句】Your eye pupil adjusts automatically. 你眼睛的瞳孔是自动调节的。【助记】学生们带葡（pu）萄皮（pi）来（l）学校做实验purple [5pE:pl] adj. 紫色的purse [pE:s] n. 钱包【例句】Who holds the purse rules the house. （谚）有钱就有势。【助记】pur＝pure，se色：有纯色的东西－女士钱包、皱起的黑眉毛和噘起的红嘴唇put [put] vt. ①放，安置‖②记下，写下‖③表达，说‖④使…进入(状态)【例句】How shall I put it? 我该怎么说呢？【词组】put across使…被理解put away①放好‖②储存put down①记下‖②控制，镇压put forward提出，建议put off推迟，延期put on①穿，戴‖②开(收音机、灯等)‖③增加put out①熄灭，扑灭‖②出版，发表put up①举起‖②张贴‖③留宿put up with忍受Qquarter [5kwC:tE] n. ①四分之一‖②一刻钟‖③地区，区域‖④( pl. )住处‖⑤(美元)两角五分【例句】He was waiting for a quarter of an hour. 他等了一刻钟了。【词组】the French Quarter法国人特区at close quarters彼此非常接近first quarter第一个季度；上弦月；上弦from every quarter从各处…，从四面八方…queen [kwi:n] n. ①女王，皇后‖②(纸牌、国际象棋中的)王后【例句】Paris is regarded as the queen of cities. 巴黎被认为是城市中的女王。question [5kwestFEn] n. ①问题，议题‖②待解决的问题，难题‖③疑问vt. ①询问，审问‖②怀疑【例句】①There is no question about hisability. 他的能力没有问题。②A new bicycle is out of the question. 买辆新自行车是不可能的。【词组】beyond/without question没问题in question正在考虑的out of thequestion不可能quick [kwik] adj. ①快的，迅速的‖②敏捷的，伶俐的‖③性急的【例句】What you need to do is just to give your suit a quick brush. 你只需要把你的西装很快地刷一刷就行了。【词组】to the quick触及要害；触及痛处quickly [5kwikli] adv. 快地，立刻地【例句】①Quickly, open the door!快，开开门！②Relief was quickly sent to the sufferers from the great fire. 救济品很快被送到遭受火灾的灾民手中。quiet [5kwaiEt] adj. ①安静的，安定的‖②宁静的，娴静的vt. 使安静，平定vi. 平静下来【例句】A menacing quiet fills the empty streets. 空旷的街道上弥漫着令人恐怖的肃静。quietly [5kwaIEtlI] adv. ①安静地，悄悄地‖②平稳地，文静地【例句】After praying quietly he faced his difficulties with a fortifiedspirit. 默默地祈祷后，他面对困难的勇气倍增。quite [kwait] adv. ①完全地，非常‖②相当，颇‖③的确，真正地【例句】I’m quite positive about it. 我真的很肯定这件事。Rrabbit [5rAbit] n. 兔子【例句】They will go rabbiting tomorrow. 他们明天去打兔子。【词组】rabbit on 唠叨，喋喋不休rain [rein] n. ①雨‖②雨天，雨季vi. ①下雨‖②雨点般地落下vt. 使…如雨而下【例句】①There is almost no rain inBeijing in spring. 北京的春天几乎不会下雨。②Tears rained down her cheeks. 眼泪顺着她的面颊如雨点般落下来。raincoat [5reinkEJt] n. 雨衣【例句】The dark clouds remembered me to take my raincoat along. 乌云提醒我出门带上雨衣。rainy [5reini] adj. 下雨的，多雨的【例句】It is a rainy day when sports meeting is held. 运动会举行的那天是个雨天。【词组】in reserve for a rainy day未雨绸缪rainy day 雨天；穷困时期rapid [5rApid] adj. 迅速的，快速的【例句】They asked their questions in rapid succession. 他们连珠炮似地提出了一系列的问题。【助记】记住“急流”的意思。【派生】rapidity n. 迅速，急速；速度；险峻rapidly [5rApIdlI] adv. 迅速地，快速地【例句】Operating profit is rising more rapidly,’ he said. “营业利润增长愈加迅速，”他说。rather [5rB:TE] adv. ①有些，相当‖②宁可，宁愿‖③更确切地‖④相反地，反而【例句】I’d rather go to the movies. 我宁愿去看电影。【词组】would rather宁可；宁愿rather than不是…而是…reach [ri:tF] vt. ①到达，达到‖②伸手，把…递来‖③与…取得联系vi. ①达到，伸延‖②伸出手或脚‖③竭力想得到n. ①伸出，伸延‖②能达到的范围‖③区域，河段【例句】The property reaches the shore. 地产一直延伸到海边。【词组】reach out伸出reach for伸手去拿out of reach够不着within reach伸手可及的，在附近beyond the reach力所不及；无法达到；超出…的能力之外reach over越过某人拿某物【派生】reachable adj. 可获得的；可达成的read [ri:d] n. ①辨认，读懂‖②读数为，标明vi. ①阅读，朗读‖②读到，获悉‖③(文章等)内容是，读起来【例句】①She read her poems to thestudents. 她向学生们朗读她写的诗。②The tracker read the trail for signs of game. 猎人发现了猎物的踪迹。real [5ri:El] adj. 真实的，现实的【例句】She bought some real English food. 她买了一些正宗的英国食品。【词组】for real真的；认真的；严肃的；确实地【派生】realistic adj. 现实的；现实主义的；逼真的；实在论的reality n. 现实；实际；真实really [5riEli] adv. 真正地，确实地【例句】That was a really enjoyable evening. 那的确是一个愉快的夜晚。reason [5ri:zn] n. ①理由，原因‖②理性，判断力‖③理智，清醒的头脑‖④道理，常识vt. ①论证，推断‖②与…评理，劝说vi. ①推理，思考‖②评理，劝说【例句】There is reason to believe that the accused did not commit thiscrime.有充分的理由相信被告没有犯这项罪行。【词组】by reason of由于，因为by reason that因为…，由于…reason out琢磨明白reason with规劝；与…评理【派生】reasonable adj. 合理的，公道的；通情达理的red [red] adj. 红色的n. ①红色‖②红色衣服remember [ri5membE] vt. ①记起，想起‖②牢记，记住vi. 记得，记起【词组】remember to do 记得要做某事；记得去做某事remember doing记着已经做过的事remember of记得……，想起……remember oneself约束自己；检点；(犯过失后)反省；仔细想一想；恢复镇定【派生】remembrance n. 回想，回忆；纪念品；记忆力restaurant [5restEr:N] n. 餐馆，饭店【例句】Trains usually have a restaurant car. 通常火车有一节餐车箱。【助记】拆分：rest—休息  aur—我们的 our近拼  ant—蚂蚁奇记：在饭店里休息rest的时候我们aur养的蚂蚁ant不见了。result [ri5zQlt] n. ①结果，效果，成果‖②计算结果，答案【例句】Nothing has resulted from his efforts. 他的努力终成了泡影。【词组】as a result结果是，所以result from起因于result in导致【助记】re(反复)＋sult(跳)→反复跳出来的是结果return [ri5tE:n] vi. & n. ①回去，归来‖②还，归还vt. ①归还，送回‖②回报，报答adj. ①回程的‖②回报的【例句】We return bottles to the store. 我们将瓶子送还到商店。【词组】in return作为回报in return for作为…的更换；作为…的报答return from从…回来rice [rais] n. 稻米，米饭rich [ritF] adj. ①富有的，有钱的‖②丰富的‖③肥沃的n. ( pl. ) 财富【例句】This is a wealthy family. 这是个富裕的家庭。【搭配】rich in富有；富于ride [raid] v. 骑(马)，驾(车)，乘(风、浪等)n. 乘坐，旅行【例句】He rode his last race. 他参加了他最后一场赛马。【词组】ride on依靠；骑在…上面；取决于ride down践踏；骑马赶上take a ride兜风；载一程ride over从容胜过；骑马来；压制；对…置之不理right [rait] adj. ①右边的‖②正确的‖③合适的‖④健全的n. ①右，右边‖②权利‖③正确，正义adv. ①对，不错‖②正好，恰恰vt. 改正，纠正【例句】The jacketdoesn’t fit right. 这件夹克衫不合适。【词组】all right对(用以表示赞同、同意等)，好的right away立刻right now在此刻，在此时by right of凭借be in the right有理的，正当的have the rightto有权做…right or wrong不管如何right after就在…之后；刚好在…之后river [5rivE] n. 江，河road [rEud] n. 道路，途径robot [5rCbEt] n. 机器人【例句】These cars were built by robots. 这些汽车是用机器人制造的。rock [rCk] n. ①岩石‖②摇摆，摆动vt. ①摇动‖②使震惊vi. 摇动，震动【例句】When I stepped onto the side of the boat, it rocked. 当我走上船的一边时，船左右摇晃起来。【派生】rocky adj. 岩石的，多岩石的；坚如岩石的；摇晃的room [ru:m] n. ①房间，卧室‖②余地，空间rose [rEuz] n. ①玫瑰，蔷薇‖②玫瑰色，粉红色【例句】These naughty kids have pulled off all the rose buds. 这些淘气的孩子把所有玫瑰花蕾都摘掉了。【词组】under the rose 秘密地，私下地round [raund] adj. ①圆的，圆形的‖②往返的prep. 围绕adv. ①在周围‖②迂回地n. ①一圈，一周‖②巡回，回合vt. ①绕行‖②使成圆形，使完美vi. 兜圈，环行【例句】①Let’s go into the hall and havea look round. 让我们进大厅转一转。②The century has rounded into its ninth decade. 本世纪已进入了90年代。【词组】all round处处；周围round off使圆满结束，把…四舍五入为整数in the firstround在第一轮round in牵索；拉绳round and round处处；旋转不息地go round到处走动；绕道in a round围成一圈round on告密）；突然生气地责骂（反驳round out完成round off完成；使完美；把…修圆磨光；圆满结束out of round不圆row [rau ] n. 行，排v. 划(船等)【例句】We’ll row the champion in the annual race this year. 今年我们将在年度划船比赛中与冠军保持者进行比赛。【词组】in a row连续地；成一长行row over从容胜过；一路领先【派生】rowing n. 划船；赛艇运动ruler [5ru:lE] n. ①统治者‖②尺子【例句】The chairman is only the nominal ruler of the country. 主席只是那个国家名义上的统治者。【助记】音“入了”。入了党，要按党的尺度办事。run [rQn] vi. ①跑，奔‖②(车辆)行驶，来往‖③(液体，河流等)流‖④延伸‖⑤转动vt. ①跑过，穿过‖②参加竞赛‖③驾驶‖④管理，经营n. ①(赛)跑‖②行程，航线‖③连续的演出【例句】She ran her fingers nervously through her hair. 她紧张地用手指拢着头发。【词组】in the long run最终；从长远来看run across=runinto偶然碰见；撞见run away with（someone or something）（带人）私奔；（携物）潜逃run off打（复）印；逃走；进行（速度比赛）run out of用完run over浏览；溢出run wild胡闹；撒野run into偶遇；陷入。run down说…的坏话；寻找到；衰退；停止，用完，撞倒。run in跑进；试车；顺便探访；拘留run on继续，继续下去；连续不断；流逝；涉及run into遭遇，陷入；撞上，撞到；偶然遇见in the short run从短期看，在不久的将来run with鼓励；与…一起跑；与…交往【派生】running n. 运转；赛跑；流出Ssad [sAd] adj. 悲伤的，忧愁的【例句】His sad story touched our hearts. 他的悲惨的故事深深打动了我们的心。【词组】feel sad感到悲伤；心酸【派生】sadness n. 悲哀safe [seif] adj. 安全的n. 保险箱【例句】He has lockedaway the jewels in the safe. 他已经把宝石锁在保险箱中。【词组】safe and sound安然无恙play (it) safe谨慎行事，不冒险safe from免于；没有…的危险【派生】safety n. 安全；保险；安全设备；保险装置salt [sC:lt] n. 盐，氯化钠vt. 腌，盐渍【例句】She put salt into her coffee bymistake. 她错把盐放到咖啡里去了。【词组】salt away搁置，保存take with a grain of salt对…持怀疑态度；有所保留same [seim] adj. 相同的，一样的pron. 同样的人或事【例句】I think the same as you do aboutthe matter. 我对此事的看法和你一样。【词组】all the same仍然，还是，尽管如此；完全一样same time同时in the same time在同一时间much the same几乎相同，大致一样just the same还是；完全一样；照旧（等于all the same）one and the same同一个；完全一回事as same as和…一样by the same token同样地；出于同样原因in the same manner同样地；以同样的方式sand [sAnd] n. ①沙子‖②( pl .)沙滩，沙地【例句】The floor has been sanded smooth. 地板已用砂纸磨光了。【词组】sand sth. (down)砂纸擦平或磨光某物【助记】音“散的”。沙子当然是散的【派生】sandy adj. 沙地的；多沙的；含沙的sandwich [5sAnwidV] n. 三明治，夹肉面包vt. 挤进，夹入【例句】As he was still hungry, he gobbledup a second sandwich. 因为还饿，他又狼吞虎咽地吃了第二块三明治。【助记】Sandwich 三明治，来自古时一位英国人的名字，因其好赌，吃饭时就用两块面包夹一只香肠充饥，后因此而得名。Saturday [5sAtEdi] n. 星期六say [sei] vt. ①说，讲‖②说明，表明‖③比如说，假定vi. 说，发表意见n. ①发言权，决定权‖②意见【例句】We shall see his boat and then weshall say goodbye to him. 我们将参观他的船，然后与他告别。【词组】have a/no/not much say in sth.对…有/没有/不太有发言权that is to say即，也就是说it goes withoutsaying不言而喻say for oneself为自己找借口，为自己辩护hard to say很难说let us say比如说；假定；假如说so to say可以这么说【派生】saying n. 话；谚语；言论school [sku:l] n. ①学校，学院‖②学派，流派‖③上学，学业‖④(鱼等的)群【例句】He was schooled by life itself. 他受了生活本身的熏陶。sea [si:] n. ①海，洋‖②大量season [5si:zn] n. ①季，季节‖②当令期，旺季vt. 加调味品【词组】in season(指食物)上市，当令，在旺季out of season未上市，下市，在淡季，过时，不合时宜，失去时机for a season一会儿【助记】将该词分解成 sea 和son，则可记成：季节是海（sea）风的儿子（son）【派生】seasonal adj. 季节的；周期性的；依照季节的seasoning n. 调味品；佐料seat [si:t] n. 座位，座席vt. 使入座，使就座【例句】I twisted round in my seat to speak to her. 我坐在位子上转过身来跟她说话。【词组】be seated位于；坐着take a seat坐下；就座take a back seat处于默默无闻的地位；处于次要地位；退居二线in the driver’s seat处于统治地位second1 [5sekEnd] num. 第二adj. ①第二的，第二个的‖②再一个的，别的n. 第二人/物【例句】①Thisis the second time I have met him. 这是我第二次遇见他。②Our goods are second to none onthe world market. 在国际市场上，我们的商品不亚于任何人。second2 [5sekEnd] n. ①秒‖②片刻，瞬间【例句】Please wait a second. 请等一会儿see [si:] vt.①看见‖②会面，探望‖③知道，获悉‖④送行，陪‖⑤经历【例句】You were very clever to see throughhim. He had deceived the rest of us.你很聪明识破了他，他把我们都骗了。【词组】see about处理see after照应，照顾see into调查，了解…的性质see off送行，送别see through看透，看穿see(to it)that确保sell [sel] vt. ①卖，出售‖②出卖，背叛vi. 卖，销售【例句】He sell some pencils to Joneyesterday. 他昨天卖了一些铅笔给约翰。【词组】sell out卖完，卖光【派生】selling n. 销售；出售send [send] vt. ①送，寄‖②派遣，打发‖③促使，使变为vi. 寄信；派人【例句】The old lady is seriously ill, andwe have to send for a doctor. 这位老太太病得很厉害，我们得去请医生。【词组】send for①派人去找某人‖②函索send off寄发send in递送；呈报；命…进来send back送回；退还send up射出；使上升；长出；检举；提出；[口]判决入狱send as发送为send on转送；预送send over发送；播送send away发送；派遣；解雇；驱逐【派生】sending n. 发送；信件September [sEp5tembE] n. 九月service [5sE:vis] n. ①服务‖②公共事业‖③服役vt. 维护，保养【例句】The food is good at this hotel, butthe service is poor. 这家旅馆饭菜很好，但服务很差。【词组】at your service听你的吩咐be of service能帮忙的，有用的set [set] vt. ①放，置‖②使处于某种状态(位置)‖③调整，校正‖④树立，规定vi. ①(日、月等)落下‖②凝结，固定‖③着手，从事n. (一) 套adj. 固定的，规定的【例句】I have to study at set hours. 我必须在固定的时间学习。【词组】set about出发set aside①留出，拨出‖②拒绝，驳回set down记下，写下set forth阐明，提出set off/out出发，启程set up①建起，架起‖②组建，设立seven [5sevEn] num. 七seventeen [5sevEn5ti:n] num. 十七【例句】①I will be seventeen nextbirthday. 再过一次生日，我就十七岁了。②A girl of seventeen is woman, when a man of seventeen is a boy. 姑娘十七已是妇女；男子十七仍是孩童。seventy [5sevEnti] num. 七十【例句】We were bowling along (the motorway) at seventy miles per hour.我们以每小时七十英里的速度(在高速公路上)飞驰。several [5sevErEl] adj. 几个，若干【例句】There is enough food in the housefor several days. 这儿有足够的食物，可以吃上几天。【词组】in several分别地；各个地shall [FAl,FEl] aux.v. ①将，会‖②必须【例句】Shall they open the window and let the fresh air in? 请他们把窗子打开，让新鲜空气进来，好吗？shark [FB:k] n. 鲨鱼【例句】The shark is a dangerous animal. 鲨鱼是一种危险的动物。she [Fi:,Fi] pron. 她sheep [Fi:p] n. 羊，绵羊【词组】black sheep败家子；害群之马lost sheep迷途羔羊（误入歧途的人）sheep dog牧羊犬；护羊狗ship [Fip] n. ①船，舰‖②太空船vt. ①用船运‖②运送【例句】I like to travel by ship, though it takes long. 虽然时间长些，但我还是喜欢坐船出游。【词组】ship out运出；坐船到国外去【助记】分析：shi—“是”的拼音；p—“瓶”的拼音首字母；记忆方法：这条船是用瓶子做成的【派生】shipping n. 船舶；海运；运送shipment n. 装船，出货；装载的货物；装货量shirt [FE:t] n. 衬衫【例句】What size of collar is this shirt? 这衬衣领子的尺寸是多少？【助记】分析：shir—“诗人”的拼音；t—形状像伞；记忆方法：诗人喜欢把衬衫放在伞上面shoe [Fu:] n. 鞋【例句】I can feel a nail sticking into my shoe. 我觉得有钉子扎进了我的鞋里。【词组】in sb’s shoes按照某人的地位（或境地等）来考虑drop the othershoe扔下另一只鞋，做完令人不快的事shop [FCp] n. ①商店‖②工场，车间vi. 去买东西【例句】I usually go shopping on Sundays. 我通常星期天购物。【词组】shop for sth.买某物【助记】分析：sh—“是”的拼音首字母；o—圆形；p—外形红旗；记忆方法：商店里卖的是圆圆的红旗【派生】shopping n. 购物shore [FC:,FCE] n. ①岸，岸边‖②陆【例句】The breakers came tumbling onto the shore. 浪涛滚滚而来，拍打着岸边。【词组】shore up 支持，支撑；加固short [FC:t] adj. ①短的，短暂的‖②矮的，低的‖③缺乏的，不足的【例句】The mother is worried that her son is short for his age. 这母亲担心她儿子会比同龄的孩子矮。【词组】be short of短缺，除了cut short①打断‖②缩减fall short(of)不足，达不到for short简称，缩写in short简言之，总之run short(of)缺少，快用完【派生】shortly adv. 立刻；简短地shortage n. 缺乏，缺少；不足should [Fud,FEd, Fd] aux.v. ①应该‖②将会‖③万一‖④竟然会【例句】But for your advice, I should have failed. 要不是你提建议的话，我早就失败了。【词组】should be应该是should have应该有；本应该…show [FEu] n. ①表演，节目‖②展览(物)‖③显示，展示‖④表面，外观vt. ①给(人)看，出示‖②带领‖③说明，示范‖④表明，证明vi. ①显现，露面‖②演出n. ①表示，显示‖②展览(会)‖③外观，表面‖④演出，节目【例句】Her laziness wasshown in her exam results. 她平时的懒惰可以从她的考试成绩看出来。【词组】give the show away露出马脚；泄露内幕show in领某人进来show off炫耀，卖弄show up露面；揭露；出卖；突出in show外表上；有名无实地for show为了外表，为了装门面，为引起注意；为炫耀put on a show假装给人家看；装病shy [Fai] adj. 害羞的，腼腆的，胆怯的【例句】We are still alittle shy of our quota. 我们离完成定额还差一点点。【词组】shy away from回避，退缩；躲避；羞于shy of对…有顾虑；对…畏缩；缺乏shy away回避；避开sick [sik] adj. ①有病的‖②恶心的，想吐的【例句】She left her home reluctantly and sick at heart. 她依依不舍地离开了家，心情很沉重。【词组】be sick of厌恶；发腻feel sick觉得要呕吐sick with生…病sick at对…感到不愉快on sick leave休病假；病假中【派生】sickening adj. 令人厌恶的；患病的sickness n. 疾病；呕吐；弊病side [said] n. ①(旁)边，(侧)面‖②方面，性质‖③(敌或友的)一方，一边vi. 站在…的一边，偏袒【例句】Everything has its two sides. 任何事物都有其两面性。【词组】by the side of与…并列；在…旁边side with同意…；站…一边on all sides在各方面/take the side of站在…的一边side by side并肩；一起；并排side effect副作用at the side of与…相比；在…旁边；在……的边上on side符合规则的位置silk [silk] n. 丝，绸【例句】She wore a beautiful dress made of silk. 她穿了一条漂亮的真丝裙。silly [5sili] adj. 傻的，笨的，糊涂的【例句】You are no longer a silly little child. 你不再是个傻小孩了。silver [5silvE] n. 银，银器vt. 镀银【例句】Every cloud hasa silver lining. 黑暗中总有一丝光明。【词组】silver lining（不幸或失望中的）一线希望；乌云周围的白光simple [5simpl] adj. ①朴素的，简朴的‖②简易的，简单的‖③纯真的‖④完全的‖⑤头脑简单的【例句】I’m not so simple as to think it will be easy. 我决不致于笨得以为那是件容易的事。【词组】in simple terms简单说（简言之）【派生】simply adv. 简单地；仅仅；简直；朴素地；坦白地simplicity n. 朴素；简易；天真；愚蠢since [sins] prep. 自从，从…以来conj. ①自从，从…以来‖②因为，既然adv. 从那以后【例句】I have been living in this city since 1958. 从1958年以来，我一直住在这个城市。【词组】ever…since自从…以来long since很久以前；从前since when自什么时候起，打什么时候开始sing [siN] v. ①唱，歌唱‖②嗡嗡作响，鸣响‖③吟咏，歌颂singer [5sindVE] n. 歌手，歌唱家【例句】She is at best a second-rate singer. 她充其量是个二流歌手。sir [sE:,sE] n. ①先生‖②(S—)(用于姓名前)…爵士sister [5sistE] n. 姐，妹sit [sit] vi. ①坐下，就座‖②位于‖③栖息‖④孵卵vt. 使坐下【例句】All the others ran away, but I sat tight. 别人都跑了，但我在原地没动。【词组】sit down坐下，扎营sit for坐好，摆好姿势（让别人画像）；参加sit up坐正；大吃一惊；熬夜sit on开庭审理；成为…的一员；旁听；列席sit by坐视不管，无动于衷【派生】sitting n. 入席，就坐sitting-room n. 起居室【例句】①The sitting-room is small. 这间起居室很小。②She has renewed all the curtains in the sitting-room. 她把客厅的窗帘都换成新的了。six [siks] num. 六sixteen [5siks5ti:n] num. 十六【例句】She is sixteen years old but has a mental age of five. 她十六岁，而智力年龄却是五岁。sixth [siksW] num. 第六【例句】The youngest children are in the first form, the oldest in the sixthform.最小的儿童上一年级，最大的上六年级。【搭配】sixth sense 第六感，直觉sixty [5siksti] num. 六十【例句】The expansion of the factory will mean the employment of sixty extraworkers.工厂的扩展意味著将增雇六十名工人。size [saiz] n. ①大小，尺寸‖②尺码‖③量，额【例句】My gloves are size medium. 我的手套尺寸是中号的。【词组】size up估计，判断size for为试尺码for size为了试尺码ski [ski:,Fi:] vi. 滑雪n. 滑雪板【例句】This is the first time I’ve been on skis. 这是我第一次用滑雪板。【派生】skiing n. 滑雪运动skill [skil] n. 技能，技巧【例句】She dealt with the problem with consummate skill. 她以巧妙的手腕处理了这个问题。【词组】skill in技能；对…熟练【派生】skillful adj. 熟练的；巧妙的skilled adj. 熟练的，有技能的；需要技能的skin [skin] n. ①皮，皮肤‖②毛皮，兽皮‖③外皮，外壳vt. 去…的皮【例句】He had brownskin. 他的皮肤是棕色的【派生】skinny adj. 皮的；皮包骨的；紧身的skirt [sk\:t] n. ①裙子‖②( pl. )边缘，周围，郊外【例句】The speech wasmost disappointing for it skirted round all the main questions.这篇演讲非常令人失望因为它回避了所有主要的问题。【助记】分析：skirt—衬衫（shirt）的近似拼写；k—“可”的拼音首字母；记忆方法：男孩穿衬衫，女孩穿可爱的裙子sky [skai] n. 天，天空【例句】The sky was blue and clean. 天空蔚蓝晴朗。【词组】praise sb. to the skies把某人捧上天pie in the sky不能保证实现的诺言；渺茫的希望【助记】死盖(天像盖子一样，盖在头上)。天；天空sleep [sli:p] v. & n. 睡眠，睡觉slow [slEJ] adj. ①慢的，缓慢的‖②迟钝的v. (使) 放慢，(使)减速【例句】This student is slow in learning English. 这个学生学英语很笨。【词组】slow down（使）放慢，减速go slow怠工；慢慢走slow up（使）慢下来small [smC:l] adj. 小的，少的【例句】It is small of you to say so. 你这样说未免太小气了。【词组】in the small 局部的smell [smel] vi. 散发气味vt. ①闻到‖②察觉n. ①闻，嗅觉‖②气味‖③臭味【例句】There is a smell of fried chicken in this room. 这屋里有一股炸鸡块的味儿。【词组】smell of发出…气味smell out嗅出；察觉【派生】smelly adj. 有臭味的，发臭的smile [smail] n.微笑，笑容vi. 微笑，露出笑容【例句】She smiled when she saw me. 她看见我时露出微笑。【词组】smile on赞许，鼓励smile at朝着…微笑；一笑置之smile tooneself 暗笑smile upon向…微笑【派生】smiling adj. 微笑的；欢快的smoke [smEJk] n. ①烟，烟雾‖②吸烟vt. ①吸(烟)‖②烟熏vi. ①吸烟‖②冒烟【例句】It’s forbidden to smoke here. 这里禁止吸烟。【词组】like smoke①一溜烟地，飞快地②容易地，顺利地go up in smoke化为乌有；被烧光smoke out查出；用烟熏出；使…公诸于世【派生】smoky adj. 冒烟的；烟状的smoking n. 抽烟；冒气snake [sneik] n. 蛇【例句】His behavior showed him to be a snake. 他的行为说明他是一个狡诈的人。【助记】分析：s—形状像蛇；ke—“可”乐的拼音；记忆方法：蛇拿起了一瓶可乐snow [snEJ] n. ①雪‖②下雪vi. ①下雪‖②如雪一般地落下【例句】It is snowing in great flakes. 大雪纷飞。【派生】snowy adj. 下雪的，多雪的；被雪覆盖的；洁白无瑕的snowy [5snEJi] adj. 下雪的，雪一般的【例句】①I like to go for a walk in thesnowy streets. 我喜欢在雪中的街道上漫步。②He looks kind with snowy hair. 雪白的头发使他看上去很和善。so [sEJ] adv. ①那么，如此地‖②非常，很‖③也，同样‖④不错，确实conj. ①因而，所以‖②所以，结果是‖③为的是，以便【例句】Hold your pen so. 这样拿笔。【词组】so as to为的是，以便so far到现在为止so…that如此…以致；有意要so that以便，旨在；因此so on等等so much这么；非常；达到这种程度so many那么多的if so如果是这样的话；要是这样or so大约，左右so long as只要even so虽然如此，即使如此so far as只要；就…而言；在…范围内just so正是如此more so更是这样， 尤其如此soccer [5sRkE(r)] n. 足球【例句】In soccer, only the goal-keeper may play the ball with his hands. 在足球运动中只有守门员可以用手触球。sock [sRk] n. 短袜【例句】I bought two pairs of blue socks. 我买了两双蓝色短袜。【词组】pull one’s socks up（努力）改进自己的表现或成绩【助记】分析：so—如此；ck—“刺客”的拼音首字母；记忆方法：穿着如此短袜的刺客sofa [5sEufE] n. 长沙发【例句】Sit on the sofa. 在沙发上坐吧。soft [sCft] adj. ①柔软的，柔和的‖②温柔的‖③不含酒精的‖④光滑的，细嫩的【例句】Don’t be so softthere’s nothing to be afraid of. 别这么窝囊，没什么可怕的嘛。【派生】softness n. 温柔；柔和softly [5sRftli] adv. ①柔和地‖②温柔地’【例句】①A musical bell softly soundedsomewhere in the passageway. 走廊的某处响起轻柔悦耳的铃声。②He closed the door softly behind him. 他随手轻轻地把门关上了。soil [sCil] n. 泥土，土壤vt. 弄脏vi. 变脏【例句】This soil is very sandy. 这种土壤含沙很多。【助记】土地是脏的；音：馊油，馊了的油，很脏some [sQm] adj. ①一些，少许‖②有些‖③某，某一个‖④大约，大概pron. ①一些，几个‖②有些人，某些人adv. ①大约‖②稍微somebody [5sQmbEdi] pron. 有人，某人【例句】He thinks himself to be somebody, while actually he is nobody. 他自以为是个人物，其实他算不了什么。someone [5sQmwQn] pron. 某人，有人【例句】If you don’t know the answer, ask someone else. 你如果不知道答案，问问其他人吧。something [5sQmWiN] pron. ①某事，某物‖②一些，几分【例句】She bought something to eat. 她买了一些吃的。sometime [5sQmtaim] adv. ①某时，近期内‖②曾经，一度【例句】It happened sometime last month. 这事发生在上个月的某个时候。sometimes [5sQmtaimz] adv. 有时，间或【例句】I am somewhat tired of this work. 我对这个工作有点厌倦了。somewhere [5sQm(h)wZE] adv. 某处【例句】The troops have been sent to somewhere at the front. 部队被派到前线某地去了。【词组】somewhere else 别的地方；某个时空son [sQn] n. 儿子song [sRN;(?@) sC:N] n. 歌曲soon [su:n] adv. 不久，很快【例句】He left as soon as he heard the news. 他一听到这事儿就走了。【词组】as soon as一…就…，刚…便…nosooner…than...一…就…sooner or later迟早sorry [5sRri] adj. ①后悔的，抱歉的‖②难过的，惋惜的‖③遗憾的，懊悔的【词组】be sorry to do为某事道歉（事前道歉）be/feel sorryfor sb.同情某人soup [su:p] n. 汤，羹【例句】I had a bowl of chicken soup. 我喝了一碗鸡汤。【词组】in the soup处于困境，出麻烦soup sth. up（通过改装发动机）增加（汽车等）的马力south [saJW] n. & adj. 南方(的)adv. 向(自/在)南方speak [spi:k] vi. ①说话，讲话‖②演说，发言vt. 说某种语言【词组】speak for替…讲话speak of谈及speak on论及speak out大胆地讲，不受约束地讲【派生】spoken adj. 口语的，口头的speaker n. 演讲者；扬声器speech [spi:tF] n. ①言语，讲话‖②演讲【例句】He was going to make a speech. 他要发表演说。【词组】speech (on/about sth.)讲话；发言；演说spell1 [spel] v. 拼写【例句】Can you spell your name?你能把你的名字拼写出来吗？【词组】spell out详细解释；拼出【派生】spelling n. 拼写；拼字；拼法sport [spC:t] n. ①运动，体育活动‖②( pl. )运动会‖③游戏，消遣vi. 开玩笑，玩耍【例句】Football and running are sports. 足球和跑步是体育运动。【词组】make sport of 取笑，嘲弄in [for] sport开玩笑地spoil a person’ssport扫某人的兴【助记】满大街的运动品牌助长了sport之风stand [stAnd] vi. ①站立，竖立‖②站起，起立‖③放置，位于‖④处于某种状态vt. ①使站立，竖放‖②忍受，经受n. ①货摊，售货台‖②置物架‖③看台，观众席‖④立场，态度【例句】①How can you stand suchinsolence? 你还能忍受这样的侮辱吗?②He kicked the ball into the stand. 他把球踢到看台上去了。【词组】stand by袖手旁观stand for代表，所指的是stand out显眼，与众不同stand up for维护stand up to经得住star [stB:] n. ①星，恒星‖②明星，名人‖③星状物vt. ①由…主演‖②用星状物装饰‖③用星号标出vi. 主演【例句】Who is to star in the movie has not been finally decided yet. 由谁来主演这部电影尚未敲定。【词组】star (in sth.)（在戏剧、电影等中）担任主角，主演star sb. (in sth.)使某人担任主角，由某人主演【派生】starry adj. 布满星星的；闪闪发光的；星形的start [stB:t] vt. ①开始，着手‖②开动，发动‖③使发生，引起‖④开设，创办vi. ①开始，起动‖②动身，出发n. ①开端，起点‖②出发，动身‖③吃惊，惊跳【例句】What a start yougave me! 你吓了我一大跳！【词组】start doing sth.着手做某事start (on) sth.;start sb. on sth.（使某人）开始进行某事；（使某人）着手做（某事）start off on theright/wrong foot (with sb.)开始做某事物时正确 [不正确] （尤指人际关系）stay [stei] vi. & n. 逗留，停留【例句】He lost his job, and had to stay at home. 他失业了，只好呆在家里。【词组】stay behind跟在后面；留下来stay up竖立；熬夜be here tostay/have come to stay固定下来，普遍认可，成为风尚stay the course坚持到底stay by 守在一边；一直支持step [step] n. ①步，脚步‖②梯级，台阶‖③步骤，措施vi. 走，行走，踩【例句】She stepped carefully around puddle. 她小心翼翼地绕过小水坑。【词组】step by step逐步地step down①走下(车等)‖②降低‖③辞职step up逐步增加still [stil] adv. ①仍然，还‖②然而，依旧‖③更，愈‖④另外，又adj. ①静止的，不动的‖②寂静的，平静的【例句】The room was still at the end of the speech. 演讲结束的时候，房间里寂静无声。【词组】still on仍在进行【派生】stilly adv. 静静地；默默地stillness n. 静止；沉静stomach [5stQmEk] n. ①胃‖②腹部【例句】They’ll never stomach that sort of attitude. 他们永远不会容忍那样的态度。【助记】说人有胃口就是说其肚子容量大stone [stEun] n. ①石，石头‖②岩石，矿石‖③(硬质的)种子，果核stop [stCp] n. ①停止，终止‖②公共汽车站vt. ①阻止‖②使停止vi. ①停止‖②逗留【例句】This sentence ends with a full stop. 这个句子是用一个句号结束的。【词组】put a stop to停下来；停止；结束stop...from阻止stop doing sth.停止做某事stop by(顺便)访问stop over中途停留，暂住stop sth. (up)(with sth.)拒绝给予或允许（通常给予之事物）; 扣留某物stop off作短暂逗留；中途停留片刻，中途停留pull all thestops out尽最大的努力；尽一切可能storm [stC:m] n. ①风暴，暴风雨(雪)‖②情感的激烈爆发【例句】I suggested that we should wait until the storm passed over. 我建议我们应该等到暴风雨过去。【词组】storm (of sth.)感情的猛然爆发或激烈表现【派生】stormy adj. 暴风雨的；猛烈的；暴躁的story [5stC:ri] n. ①故事，传说，小说‖②新闻报道【例句】①His story is told. 他的一生到此为止。②In a three-minute news story there’s little time to write down allthese words in it.在一个3分钟的新闻报道中，几乎没有时间逐字记下整篇报道。street [stri:t] n. 街道，马路【例句】All the streets in that small city are very clean. 那座小城市所有街道都非常干净。【词组】not in the same street (as sb./sth.)远不如，比不上（某人 [某事物] ）(right) up one’sstreet在自己的知识、兴趣、活动等范围内strong [strCN] adj. ①强有力的，强壮的‖②坚强的，强硬的‖③强烈的，浓的【例句】He is so strong that he can beat the man quite easily. 他非常强壮，能很轻易地把对方打倒。【词组】be strong against坚决反对be strong for坚决赞成be strong in擅长be strong under在…下坚定不移【助记】死壮(很强壮)，强；强壮的【派生】strength n. 力量；力气；兵力；长处student [5stju:dEnt] n. 学生，学员【例句】He is a student of history. 他是一个学历史的学生。study [5stQdi] vt.①学习，读书‖②研究，探讨‖③细看，端详vi. 读书，用功，求学n. ①学习‖②研究，探讨‖③书房【例句】He engaged in a serious study of the problem. 他对这个问题进行了认真的研究。【派生】studious adj. 用功的；专心的；适于学习的style [stail] n. ①风格，文体‖②时尚，流行式样‖③种类，类型【例句】She’s a very popular writer but I just don’t like her style. 她是很受欢迎的作家，但我就是不喜欢她的文风。【词组】in (great, grand, etc) style有气派的，有风度的(not/more) sb’sstyle（非[较合乎]）某人之所好out of style 过时的life style 生活方式，生活习惯；格调【派生】stylish adj. 时髦的；现代风格的；潇洒的subject [5sQbdVikt] n. ①主题，题目‖②学科，科目‖③实验对象adj. ①容易患(感冒等)的‖②从属的，受…支配的vt. 使服从，使遭受【例句】The treaty is subject to ratification. 此条约经批准后才能生效。【词组】subject oneself to蒙受on the subjectof谈到…时，涉及…时subject…to使服从于…；使某人(物)隶属于…：使经历…on the subject就某话题【助记】sub(在下边)＋ject(扔)→扔到下面→使屈从于【派生】subjective adj. 主观的；个人的；自觉的subjectivity n. 主观性，主观such [sQtF] adj. ①如此的，这一类的‖②如此，这样pron. 这样的人(或事物)【例句】①I have never seen such a crowd.我从来没有见过这么大一群人。②The director of the village mill with such enthusiasm as if he neverknew fatigue.那位村办小厂的厂长工作热情这么高，好像从不知道疲倦似的。【词组】such as例如，诸如and such等等…之类in such a way这样sugar [5Fu^E] n. 糖suggest [sE5dVest] vt. ①建议，提议‖②表明，暗示【例句】I suggested going for a walk. 我建议去散步。【词组】suggest sb. (for sth.); suggest sb./sth. (as sth.)提出某事物[某人]供考虑，提议，建议suggest sth. tosb.向某人提议某事物suggest itself(to sb.)出现在心头；想到suggest doing 建议做…【派生】suggestive adj. 暗示的；提示的；影射的suggestion n. 建议；示意summer [5sQmE] n. 夏季，夏天sun [sQn] n. 太阳，日【词组】under the sun 天下；究竟with the sun 朝着太阳转动的方向，顺时针方向【助记】散(散放光芒)，太 阳【派生】sunny adj. 阳光充足的，和煦的；快活的Sunday [5sQndi] n. 星期日sunny [5sQni] adj. 阳光充足的【例句】It was a warm sunny day so we went swimming.天气暖和，阳光灿烂，所以我们去游泳了。sunshine [5sQnFain] n. 目光，日照【例句】After rain come sunshine. （谚）雨过天晴；苦尽甘来。supper [5sQpE] n. 晚餐sure [FuE] adj. ①肯定的，确信的‖②一定会…的‖③有信心的，有把握的【例句】Make sure you get here before midnight. 你要确保在午夜之前到达这里。【词组】be sure of确信…make sure of①查明‖②务必要做到for sure①当然，一定‖②肯定，毫无疑问be sure to do sth.一定要（做某事）；务必【派生】surely adv. 当然；无疑；坚定地；稳当地sureness n. 踏实，确实；安全swim [swim] vi. ①游泳‖②充满，盈满vt. 游过n. 游泳【例句】His brain still swimming with the effects of the last night’schampagne.由于昨晚喝了香槟，他的头至今仍眩晕。【词组】swim (with sth.)被淹；溢swim in sth.浸于液体中；泡swim with the tide随波逐流【派生】swimming n. 游泳；目眩Ttable [5teibl] n. ①桌子‖②表格【例句】He tabled a card. 他把一张纸牌放在桌上。【词组】off the table 不予讨论；离开台面under the table（指钱）私下付的（尤指作为贿赂）tail [teil] n. ①尾巴‖②后部，尾部vt. 尾随，盯稍【例句】The actor’s voice tailed away as he forgot his lines. 那演员忘了台词，说话的声音越来越小了。【词组】tail away; tail off变小，变少，变弱at the tail of在…的最后面turn tail逃走；逃脱take [teik] vt.①拿，取‖②携带，带走‖③花费，需要‖④接受‖⑤认为，当作‖⑥抓住【例句】①Our team took the visitorsthree to one. 我们队以三比一击败了客队。②How long does the flight take? 这个航班要飞多久？【词组】take after相貌像某人，学某人的样子take apart拆开take back①收回‖②带回take care of照顾take...down记录，写下take for误认为take in①欺骗‖②接收take off①脱掉(服饰)‖②起飞‖③取消take on承担take over接管，接任take up①开始(从事于)‖②占据(时间等)【派生】taking n. 取得；捕获；营业收入talk [tC:k] n. 谈话，演讲，讲话vt. 谈论，讨论vi. 讲话，交谈，谈话【例句】I don’t feel like talking at the moment. 这会儿我不想说话。【词组】have a talk谈话talk of谈及，谈论talk over讨论talk show脱口秀；访谈节目talk sb./sth. up说某人[某事物]的好话；称赞某人[某事物]【助记】音“套客”。解：中国人谈话先客套，外国人直接就套客，小心哪。【派生】talkative adj. 多嘴的；健谈的talking n. 讲话，谈论tall [tC:l] adj. ①高的，身材高的‖②有…高的【例句】Is that a tall order? 这是一个过分的要求吗？【词组】talk tall说大话【派生】tallish adj. 身材较高的task [tB:sk] n. 任务，作业，工作【例句】This task is accomplished by great effort. 这项任务是经过巨大努力才完成的。【词组】take sb. to task责备某人assign a task toor impose a task on 给…分派任务，使…承担任务task sb. withsth.将某事作为任务交与某人at one’s task在做著工作taste [teist] n. ①滋味，味道‖②味觉‖③鉴赏力，审美力vt. ①尝，品尝‖②体验，领略vi. 尝起来有某种味道【例句】One can taste nothing when one has a cold. 人在感冒时, 吃什么东西都没味道。【词组】to one’s taste合…口味，合…的意；按…口味，合适的，适量地in good [bad,poor] taste 风雅 [鄙俗] 的【派生】tasteful adj. 雅观的；有鉴赏力的；趣味高雅的；有滋味的tasting n. 品尝，尝味taxi [5tAksi] n. 出租汽车tea [ti:] n. ①茶(叶)‖②午后茶点teach [ti:tF] v. ①教，讲授‖②教训，告诫不要做某事teacher [5ti:tFE] n. 教师，教员team [ti:m] n. 队，组telephone [5telifEun] n. 电话vt. 打电话【例句】We told him the news by telephone. 我们通过电话告诉了他这个消息。television [5teliviVEn] n. 电视(机)【例句】①He watches too much television.他电视看得时间很长。②What’s on television tonight? 今晚电视播放什么节目？【词组】to watch television看电视【助记】词根tele远，词根vis看，-ion名词后缀；通过电波由远处传来可供观看的图像tell [tel] vt. ①讲，告诉‖②告诫，劝告‖③命令，指示‖④辨别，分辨【例句】One could easily tell that she was a newcomer. 人们能容易地辨别出她是一名新手。【词组】tell from区别，辨别【助记】特(te)务交待了，把一切都告诉我们了，说他们11(ll)点准时行动。ten [ten] num. 十tennis [5tenis] n. 网球【例句】We always play tennis on Sundays. 星期天我们总去打网球。tenth [tenW] adj. 第十的n. 第十个【例句】The leading car crashed midway through the tenth lap. 领先的那辆赛车，在第十圈的中途被撞毁了。test [test] n. & vt. 试验，测试，检验【例句】A test ofdemocratic government is how Congress and the president work together.对民主政府的一个评价依据是看议会和总统如何互相协调工作。【词组】test for探测；对…进行测验test on在…身上做实验；在…做实验；对…进行测试text [tekst] n. ①正文，文本‖②原文‖③教科书than [TAn;TEn, Tn] conj. 比【例句】①She is a better athlete than I.与我相比她是个更好的运动员。②Mary sings better than anyone else in the class. 玛丽比班上任何人唱得都好。【词组】no more than只是；仅仅none other than不是别的而正是…no other than只有；就是thank [WANk] vt. 感谢n. ( pl. ) 感谢【例句】We can thank the parade for this traffic jam. 我们可以把交通阻塞归因于游行。【词组】thanks to由于；多亏thanks for因某事而感谢【派生】thankful adj. 感谢的；欣慰的that [TAt] pron. 那，那个conj. [引导名词性从句]pron. [引导定语从句]adv. 那样，那么the [Ti:,TE] art. 这，那theatre [5WiEtE] n. 戏院，剧院【例句】The theatre company make a tour of the country every winter. 这个剧团每年冬季到全国各地巡回演出。their [TZE,TEr] pron. [they的所有格]他(她、它)们的theirs [TZEz] pron. [they的物主代词]他(她、它)们的(所有物)【例句】The red house is theirs. 红房子是他们的。them [Tem] pron. [they的宾格]他(她、它)们themselves [TEm5selvz] pron. 他(她、它)们自己(亲自)【例句】The cooks themselves eat after all the guests have finished. 厨师们等客人吃完后才吃。then [Ten] adv. ①当时，在那时‖②然后,后来‖③那么，就there [TZE,TE] adv. ①在那里，往那里‖②在那方面，在那点上‖③[与be连用，表示“有”]these [Ti:z] pron. [this的复数] 这些they [Tei;Te] pron. 他(她、它)们thing [WiN] n. ①物，东西‖②事情，问题‖③( pl.)所有物，用品‖④( pl.)情况，事态【词组】all things considered通盘来看for one thing首先，举个例说have a thingabout偏爱或厌恶think [WiNk] vt. ①认为，以为‖②想要，打算vi. 思考，认为【词组】think highly of看得起；think lightly of轻视think over仔细考虑think big野心勃勃，好高骛远【派生】thoughtful adj. 深思的；体贴的；关切的thought n. 思想；思考；想法；关心thinking n. 思考；思想；想法；意见；见解thirteen [5WE:5ti:n] num. 十三thirty [5WE:ti] num. 三十this [Tis] pron. 这，这个those [TEuz] pron. [that的复数] 那些three [Wri:] num. 三Thursday [5WE:zdi] n. 星期四ticket [5tikit] n. ①票，入场券，车票‖②(交通违章)罚款传票【例句】Ticket all passengers through to Amsterdam. 给所有乘客提供去阿姆斯特丹的票。tiger [5tai^E] n. 虎till [til] prep. & conj. 直到(…为止)【例句】Go along thisstreet until you come to the third crossing. 沿着这条街道走，直到第三个十字路口。time [taim] n. ①时间，时刻‖②次，回‖③时期‖④倍，乘‖⑤( pl.)时代【例句】Time failed me to finish all the multiple-choice questions. 我想把多选题全部做完，但时间不够了。【词组】all the time一直at all times无论何时，总是at a time每次，一次at any time在任何时候at no time决不，从不at the same time①同时‖②但，然而at times有时，不时for the time being暂时from time to time有时in time及时地，迅速地in no time立刻，很快on time准时timetable n. ①时刻表，时间表‖②课程表【派生】timely adj. 及时的；适时的timing n. 定时；调速to [tu:; tE, tu] prep. ①[方向] 向，往，至‖②[动作对象、关系等]对，对于‖③[对比、比例、选择]比，对‖④[程度、范围]到，过‖⑤[时间]在…之前，直到…为止today [tE5dei] adv. & n. ①今天‖②现在，目前together [tE5^eTE] adv. ①共同地，在一起‖②相互，彼此‖③一致地【例句】We ironed the entire load ofclothes together. 我们一起熨了这一堆衣服。【词组】get sth./it together使某事物有组织或受控制toilet [5tCilit] n. 厕所，洗手间【例句】Where is the toilet, please? 请问卫生间在哪儿？【词组】make [do] one’s toilet化妆，打扮tomato [tE5mB:tEu] n. 西红柿【例句】He staked his tomato vines with bamboo. 他用竹竿支撑起西红柿秧。【助记】分析：“他妈头”的谐音；记忆方法：他妈的头像西红柿tomorrow [tE5mCrEu] n. 明天adv. 在明天tonight [tE5nait] adv. & n. 今晚，今夜too [tu:] adv. ①太，过于‖②也，还【词组】cannot be too...无论…也不过分only too...非常be too much forsb.（要求自己）在技巧/力量等方面超过他人；非某人力所能及；忍无可忍tool [tu:l] n. 工具，用具【例句】Words are his tools. 语言是他的工具。【词组】tool sth. up用所需的机械设备装备（工厂）tooth [tu:W] n. 牙齿，齿【例句】The children brush their teeth after each meal. 孩子们每顿饭后都刷牙。【词组】cut one’s teeth on sth.从某事中获得经验in the teeth ofsth.不顾某事；反对某事；顶着，迎着（风等）top [tCp] n. ①顶，上端，上部‖②最上位，首位‖③上面，盖子adj. ①最高的‖②最优秀的vt. ①位…之首，居…之上‖②高过，超过【词组】at the top在顶端on top of另外；熟练掌握；在…之上；紧接着top up注满，装满，加满【派生】topping adj. 杰出的，一流的；高耸的topic [5tCpik] n. 话题，主题【例句】Politics and religion are always interesting topics. 政治和宗教总是人们感兴趣的话题。【词组】hot topic 热门话题；新锐【派生】topical adj. 局部的；论题的；时事问题的toward(s) [tE5wC:d] prep. ①朝，向‖②接近‖③关于，对于【例句】He heads toward me directly. 他径直朝我走来。【词组】go toward朝…方向走去make toward向…延伸；向…前进towel [5tauEl] n. 毛巾，手巾【例句】Dry your hands with a towel after you wash them. 洗完手后，用毛巾好好把手擦干。tower [5tauE] n. 塔，高楼vi. 高耸【例句】Paris is famous for the Eiffel Tower. 巴黎因艾菲尔铁塔而著名。【派生】towering adj. 高耸的；卓越的；激烈的town [taun] n. ①镇，市镇‖②闹区，商业区【例句】Many towns have become modern cities today. 现在许多城镇已变成了现代化都市。【助记】拆分：t—外形象一把伞；own—自己的奇记：小镇上的雨伞t，都是我们自己的own。toy [tCi] n. 玩具train [trein] n. ①火车，列车‖②一连串，一系列vt. 训练，培训【例句】If you miss thetrain there’s another an hour later. 你要是赶不上这趟火车, 一小时后还有一趟。【词组】by train乘火车on the train在火车上；在列车上in train准备就绪train with与…有来往；结交a train of一系列；一连串的【助记】音“蠢”。请猜一个迷语，什么东西，又笨又蠢，又不需要训练，又跑的快?哇，火车。【派生】training n. 训练；培养；瞄准tree [tri:] n. 树trousers [5trauzEz] n. 裤子【例句】The dog snapped at my trousers. 那只狗猛然咬住了我的裤子。true [tru:] adj. ①真实的，诚实的‖②真的，不假的‖③正确无误的，准确的【例句】The arrow flew straight and true to its mark. 那箭不偏不斜地直朝目标飞去。【词组】come true（梦想）实现be true of对…也一样true to one’sname名副其实true to type典型的out of true位置不正；形态不正；不均衡【派生】truly adv. 真实地，不假；真诚地truth n. 真理；事实；诚实；实质truly [5tru:li] adv. ①正确地，事实上‖②真诚地【例句】①This encyclopedia is truly a compendium of knowledge. 这部百科全书真正是一本知识宝库。②I’m truly grateful. 我由衷地感激。try [trai] vt. ①尝试，试‖②审问vi. &n. 尝试，努力【例句】He was tried for murder. 他因谋杀罪而受审。【词组】try on试穿（衣服、鞋等）；试戴（帽子等）try it on做大胆的尝试来考验别人是否能忍受try for努力去争取try one’s best尽全力try out试试看，试验try sb. (for sth.)审问, 审判（某人）【派生】trial adj. 试验的；审讯的trial n. 试验；审讯；努力；磨炼Tuesday [5tju:zdi] n. 星期二turn [tE:n] n. ①转动，旋转‖②机会，轮替‖③转变，变化‖④转折点vt. ①转动‖②翻，翻转‖③改变方向‖④转身，回头vi. (使) 变为, (使) 变得【例句】Please turn theiron to a hotter setting. 请把熨斗旋动到更高的温度。【词组】turn down①拒绝‖②调低音量turn in递交(作业等)turn off熄灭，关闭turn on点着，打开turn out关，熄(灭)turn over①思考，考虑‖②移交，转交turn to求助于…turn up①露面‖②找到【助记】拆分：tur—突然的拼音；n—形状似转弯；奇记：车突然tur急转弯n。【派生】turning n. 转向；旋转；回转；转弯处twelve [twelv] num. 十二twenty [5twenti] num. 二十twentieth [5twentiiW] num. 第二十【例句】This was how I stepped into my twentieth year. 我就是这样地跨进我的二十岁的。twice [twais] adv. ①两次‖②两倍twin [twin] n. 孪生儿，双胞胎之一adj. ①孪生的‖②两个相似部分组成的【例句】The plate was one of a pair, but I broke its twin. 这盘子原来有一对, 我打坏了一个。【词组】twin sth. (with sth.)将（两人或两事物）结合在一起；匹配【助记】特吻(非常吻合)，孪生的two [tu:] num. 二type [taip] n. ①类型，式样‖②印刷字体‖③活字，铅字v. 打字【例句】Would you like me to type your composition for you?你希望我给你打作文吗？【词组】type in打入，输入by type按类型；依类型【派生】typical adj. 典型的，象征性的Uumbrella [Qm5brelE] n. 雨伞【例句】Take an umbrella , it’s going to rain. 带上伞吧，要下雨了。【词组】under the umbrella of 在…的保护下【助记】音：俺们不来了—下雨了，没带伞，俺们不来了uncle [5QNkl] n. 叔叔，伯伯，舅父，姑父【例句】The little girl says that she has about a hundred uncles and aunts. 这小女孩说她大概有一百多个叔叔和姑姑。under [5QndE] prep. ①在…下面，在…正下方‖②在…以下，低于‖③在…的指导下‖④在…之中adv. ①在下面，正下方‖②少于until [En5til,Qn5til] prep. & conj. ①直到…为止，在…以前‖②直到…unusual [Qn5ju:VuEl] adj. ①异常的，不寻常的‖②独特的，与众不同的【例句】The metal beingfound in this region is unuasual. 在这个地区发现这种金属是很例外的。【派生】unusually adv. 非常；异乎寻常地；显著地up [Qp] adv. ①(表示动作方向)向上，往上‖②(趋势、程度、价值等)向上，往上‖③…完，…光‖④往北，向北‖⑤更有力地，大声地adj. 向上的prep. ①向(在)高处，向上‖②沿着，在…那边【例句】What’s up? 出什么事啦？【词组】up to①该由…，轮到…‖②直到‖③从事‖④胜任up and down上上下下；来回地；起伏的take up占去；开始从事；占据；拿起make up组成；构成；编造；弥补clear up放晴；整理；清理；澄清go up上升；上涨；增长；建起cover up掩饰；掩盖；盖住；包庇set up建立；设立；创立；树立show up来到；出现；露面；显露dry up干涸；枯竭；干透；干瘪upon [E5pCn] prep. = on【例句】After the strong wind, few leaves were left upon the trees. 这场大风过后，树上几乎没剩下树叶。us [Qs;Es] pron. [we的宾格]我们use [ju:z] n. ①使用，应用‖②用途，效用‖③益处，用处vt. ①用，使用，运用‖②耗费，消费【例句】What do you use this tool for?你用这个工具来干什么？【词组】make use of利用put to use加以利用，使用use up用完耗尽【派生】useful adj. 有用的，有益的；有帮助的usage n. 使用；用法；惯例using n. 使用；利用Vvase [vB:z,veis] n. 花瓶【例句】There are some flowers in that vase. 那个花瓶里有一些花。【助记】音“袜子”。袜子穿在花瓶上很快凉干。这是个生活小窍门。vegetable [5vedVitEbl] n. 蔬菜【例句】We grow vegetables in the garden. 我们在园子里种植蔬菜。【助记】ve(联想：维生素E，VE)＋get(获得)＋able(能够)→能够使你获得维生素E的是植物和蔬菜【派生】vegetative adj. 植物的；植物人状态的；促使植物生长的；有生长力的vegetation n. 植被；植物，草木vegetarian n. 素食主义者very [5veri] adv. ①很，非常‖②极其，完全地adj. ①正是的，恰好的‖②完全的village [5vilidV] n. 乡村，村庄【例句】The village purchased land for a new school. 该村为一所新建学校购买了土地。【助记】音“为离之”。80年代以前，我国城乡差别巨大，靠户口分成两类人，有了城市户口就有了一切。考学仅仅是为了考户口，离开农门，就是为离之。violin[7vaiE5lin] n. 小提琴【例句】He plays first violin of an orchestra. 他在管弦乐队中担任第一小提琴手。visit [5vizit] v. & n. ①访问，参观‖②视察，巡查【例句】Their visits are usually quite short. 他们的访问时间通常都是相当短的。【词组】pay a visit to探望；出诊；拜访visit on迁怒于某人【助记】vis(看)＋it(走)→去看→参观，访问【派生】visitation n. 访问；探视；视察；正式访问visitor [5vizitE] n. 访问者，来宾，参观者【例句】The castle gets lots of visitors from America. 有很多美国人来这座城堡游览。voice [vCis] n. ①声音，嗓音‖②发言权【例句】He had shouted so hard and for so long that he had no voice left. 他大声地喊了很长时间，因此失声了。【词组】raise one’s voice大声地说；提高嗓门at the top of one’s voice拉直嗓子叫，竭尽全力地说voice over声过滤；声过渡；话外音【派生】voiced adj. 浊音的；有声的voicing n. 发言volleyball [5vRlibC:l] n. 排球(运动)【例句】There’s a volleyball match this afternoon. 今天下午有一场排球赛。Wwait [weit] n. 等待vi. 等，等候【例句】He kept us waiting for ages while he packed his luggage. 他收拾行李，让我们等了好半天。【词组】wait for等候；等待wait up熬夜等候wait on/upon服侍，侍候【派生】waiting n. 等待；服侍waiter [5weitE] n. (男) 侍者, (男) 服务员【例句】He worked as awaiter in a restaurant during his summer vacation. 暑假期间，他在餐厅做过一名服务员。【助记】喂他(吃饭)，服侍；侍者waitress [5weitris] n. (女) 侍者, (女) 服务员【例句】The waitressbrought them the drinks and left two menus, waiting for their order.女服务员给他们拿来饮料和两个菜单，等他们点菜。walk [wC:k] vi. & n. 步行，散步【例句】The station is a ten-minute walk from here. 从这儿走到车站要10分钟。【词组】for a walk去散步have a walk散步walk out突然离去；罢工；(on)舍弃，不履行walk of life职业，社会地位walk out走出；罢工；退席；把（某人）领出walk on走下去；继续行走wall [wC:l] n. 墙，围墙want [wCnt] vt. ①要，想要‖②需要‖③通缉，追捕n. 缺乏，缺少【例句】The flowers were dying from want of water. 因为缺水，花都快枯死了。【词组】want to be想成为in want在贫困中【助记】望它，要；想要【派生】wanting adj. 欠缺的；不足的；不够格的war [wC:] n. 战争，战斗【例句】This was the American Civil War, which lasted four years. 这就是持续了4年的美国内战。【词组】at war作战；处于交战状态civil war内战declare war on发动战争；宣战go to war开始作战；宣战【派生】warring adj. 交战的；敌对的；冲突的warm [wC:m] adj. ①温暖的，暖和的‖②热情的，热心的‖③保暖的，御寒的vt. (使) 温暖【例句】It’s much warmer here in Beijing than in Harbin in spring. 北京的春天比哈尔滨暖和得多。【词组】warm up热身；变暖keep warm保暖【派生】warming adj. 让人感到暖和的warmth n. 温暖；热情；激动wash [wCF] vt. ①洗，洗涤‖②冲，冲掉vi. ①洗手(脸)‖②洗衣‖③耐洗n. 洗涤【例句】After crying so much, she had to wash before coming downstairs. 她哭得那么厉害，下楼前一定要好好洗脸。【词组】wash down冲洗wash up刷锅洗碗wash oneself 洗澡；自己洗漱wash away冲走；洗掉；忘却wash off洗刷掉，洗掉【助记】我洗，洗涤；洗去【派生】washing adj. 洗涤用的，清洗用的washer n. 洗涤器washing n. 洗涤；洗涤剂；要洗的衣物watch [wCtF] n. ①表‖②监视，看管v. ①注视，观看‖②监视，看守【例句】He watched to see what would happen. 他注视着会发生什么事。【词组】watch out(for)提防，留神，密切注意on watch当班，值班close watch紧盯【助记】我去，观看；等候【派生】watchful adj. 注意的；警惕的；警醒的water [5wC:tE] n. 水vt. 给…浇水【例句】The students help water the garden. 学生们帮着浇园子。【词组】hold water有道理，站得住脚throw cold wateron对…泼冷水【派生】watery adj. 水的；淡的；湿的；松软的；有雨意的watering n. 浇水；灌溉；排水沟way [wei] n. ①道，路，径‖②方法，手段，方式‖③方向‖④距离‖⑤点，方面【例句】We have to go a long way to school. 我们要走很远的路才能到学校。【词组】by the way顺便说；附带说一下by way of①通过…方法(或形式等)‖②经由in a way在某种程度上，从某一点上看make one’s way①成功‖②去往make way for允许通过，允许自由发展in no way决不，一点也不out of the way①不寻常的‖②已解决的under way在进行中we [wi:] pron. 我们wear [weE] vt. 穿着，戴着，佩着vi. 磨损，耗损【例句】I have worn out my overall. 我把工作服穿破了。【词组】wear down①(使)磨损‖②使厌倦wear off①磨损‖②逐渐减弱，消失wear out①穿坏‖②(使)耗尽【派生】worn adj. 疲倦的；用旧的wearing adj. 磨损的；穿用的；令人疲倦的wearable adj. 可穿用的，可佩带的；耐用的weary adj. 疲倦的；厌倦的，令人厌烦的weather [5weTE] n. 天气【例句】The ship weathered the cape. 那艘船顶着风经过海角。【词组】weather through度过，捱过under theweather有病，不舒服in all weathers风雨无阻【助记】我们(we)正在(at)听她(her)预报天气Wednesday [5wenzdei,5wenzdi] n. 星期三【例句】I’ve decided where we’re going to have the wedding party. 我已经决定我们去哪里举行婚礼。week [wi:k] n. 星期，周【派生】weekly adj. 每周的；周刊的；一周一次的weekday [5wi:kdei] n. 平常日，工作日weekend [wi:k5end,5wi:kend] n. 周末weekday [5wi:kdei] adj. 每周的，每周一次的adv. 一周一次地n. 周报，周刊welcome [5welkEm] adj. 受欢迎的vt. & n. & int. 欢迎【例句】The guest is aswelcome as flowers in May. 这位客人是非常受欢迎的。【词组】make sb. welcome殷勤招待某人【助记】拆分：well(近似好的意思) come 来，奇记：最好wel是你来come，因为你很受欢迎；【派生】welcoming adj. 欢迎的；款待的well [wel] int. 哎呀，好啦，那么adv. ①好，令人满意地‖②完全地，充分地‖③有理由地，恰当地adj. 良好的，健康的【例句】She must havebeen well disciplined for her orderliness. 她有条不紊，一定受过良好的训练。【词组】as well也；又；同样地as well as既…也（又）…；不仅…而且…may as well还是…好；不妨；可以wish sb. well愿某人万事如意【派生】wellness n. 健康west [west] n. 西(方)，西部adv. 向西方，在西方adj. 西方的，西部的，来自西方的【例句】We traveled westfor two days. 我们向西旅行了两天。wet [wet] adj. ①湿的，潮的‖②多雨的，雨天的vt. 弄湿【例句】She wet her hair before setting it. 她做头发前先把头发弄湿。【词组】get wet 弄湿，湿了；打湿【派生】wetness n. 湿润；下雨whale [weil,hweil] n. 鲸【例句】The boxer is whaling away at his opponent with both fists. 那拳击运动员挥舞双拳，猛击他的对手。【搭配】a whale of a story吹牛皮a whale of avictory巨大的胜利a whale of ascientist一位了不起的科学家【派生】whaler n. 捕鲸船；捕鲸者what [(h)wCt] pron. ①什么，什么东西(事情)‖②[关系代词]那样的事物(或人)adj. ①多么，何等‖②什么，怎样的‖③[关系形容词]所…的，尽量多的【词组】what about[征求意见时用的]怎么样what if如果…将会怎么样。so what那又怎样What about?怎么样？What for?为什么？What if…?如果…那又怎样？即使…又有什么要紧？What’s up?发生什么事情了？怎么啦？A is to B what Cis to D表示A对于B就像C对于D一样。when [(h)wen] adv. ①什么时候，何时‖② [关系副词] 在…的时侯conj. ①在…时，当…时‖②其时，然后‖③可是，然而pron. 什么时候【例句】Sunday is the day when very few people go to work. 星期日上班的人很少。where [(h)wZE] adv. ①在哪里，到哪里‖②[关系副词]在那里，到那里‖③在…地方，到…地方conj. ①然而，但是‖②哪里，什么地方pron. 哪里，什么地方【例句】I wonder where she comes from. 我想知道她是哪儿的人。which [(h)witF] pron. ①哪一个，哪一些‖②[限制性关系代词]的那个，…的那些‖③[非限制性关系代词]那个，那些adj. 哪一个，哪一些【例句】Which of these is yours?这些里面哪个是你的?while [(h)wail] conj. ①当…的时侯，和…同时‖②而，然而‖③虽然，尽管n. 一会儿，(一段)时间【例句】For a long while we had no news of him. 很长一段时间我们没有他的消息。【词组】between whiles不时的，时常once in a while偶尔once in a while有时；偶尔worth (one’s)while（时间、精力等花得）值得white [(h)wait] adj. ①白色的，白的‖②苍白的‖③白种的n. ①白色‖②白种人【例句】He painted the wall white. 他把墙刷成白色。who [hu:] pron. ①谁，什么人‖②[限制性关系代词]…的人‖③[非限制性关系代词]他，她，他们【例句】Who knows but (that) it may be so?谁能说不会这样呢？whole [hEul] n. 全部，整体adj. ①全体的，全部的‖②完整的，无缺的【例句】He put the whole of his money into the bank. 他把所有的钱都存进了银行。【词组】on the whole总的看来as a whole 总的来说in whole 整个地；全部【助记】用w去堵hole即变成“整个的”【派生】wholly adv. 完全地；全部；统统wholeness n. 完整；完全；全体whom [hu:m,hum] pron. [who的宾格] 谁whose [hu:z] pron. ①谁的‖②哪个(人)的，哪些(人)的why [(h)wai] adv. & conj. ①为什么‖②…的理由int. 哎呀，咳【例句】—Why do you take that medicine? 你为什么要吃那种药?—Because I have a headache. 因为我头痛。wide [waid] adj. ①宽阔的‖②广泛的adv. 全部地，充分地wife [waif] n. 妻子，夫人，太太will [wil] aux.v. ①将，会‖②要，愿意n. ①意志，决心‖②愿望，意愿‖③遗嘱【例句】①She has a strong will. 她意志坚定。②A lawyer is often called in to write a will. 律师常被请来写遗嘱。【词组】good will善意；友好ill will恶意at will任意，随意of one’s ownfree will出于自愿；随心所欲【派生】willing adj. 乐意的；自愿的；心甘情愿的willful adj. 有意的；任性的；故意的win [win] vt. ①赢得，获得‖②在…中获胜vi. 赢，获胜n. 胜利，成功【例句】He soon won a reputation for himself. 他很快就成名了。【词组】win out/through获胜，成功win over说服，把…争取过来win at 在…取胜win against 赢，打败win on 影响；胜过【派生】winning n. 胜利；获得；成功wind [waind] n. ①风‖②气息，呼吸vt. ①转动‖②缠，缠绕‖③上发条vi. 弯曲前进，蜿蜒而行【例句】①It’s time to wind up themeeting. 该散会了。②Vines wind around the old tree. 这棵古树上缠绕了很多藤子。【词组】in the wind即将发生wind up上发条；调紧；结束，停止=conclude,terminate, endwind down①(钟或表)慢下来，(人)(一阵工作或激动之后)平静下来②使逐步结束get wind of风闻，听到…的风声【派生】winding adj. 弯曲的，蜿蜒的；卷绕的windy adj. 多风的，有风的window [5windEu] n. 窗户，窗口windy [5windi] adj. 有风的，多风的【例句】One spring it was very windy and dusty here. 有一年春天这里风沙很大。【搭配】windy day有风的日子；刮风的天气windy city风之城（美国城市芝加哥的别称）wine [wain] n. (葡萄) 酒winter [5wintE] n. 冬，冬季wish [wiF] n. 希望，愿望vt. ①渴望，要是…多好‖②想要，渴望‖③祝，祝愿vi. 希望【例句】He wished her good night. 他向她道晚安。【词组】wish for请求；希望；想得到【派生】wishful adj. 渴望的，愿望的；寄予希望的wishing n. 期盼着，希望；愿望with [wiT] prep. ①和…在一起，跟，同‖②用，以，藉‖③具有，带有‖④对…，关于‖⑤因，由于‖⑥随着‖⑦虽然，尽管within [wiT5in] prep. & adv. 在…里面，在…范围以内adv. 在里面【例句】The technician promised that the car could be repaired within threedays. 技师许诺汽车可以在3天内修好。【词组】within oneself在心中；保留体力的from within从里面，从…的内部come within在…范围内without [wiT5aut] prep. 无，没有adv. 在外面【例句】Everyone can’t buy things without money没有钱，任何人都买不到东西。【词组】do without没有…也行；摒弃go without没有…也行wolf [wulf] n. 狼【例句】The howling wolves are hunting in packs. 嗥叫的狼在成群地猎食。【词组】wolf down狼吞虎咽地吃【助记】分析：wo——“我”的拼音；lf—“路费”的拼音首字母；记忆方法：我拿了些路费给狼【派生】wolfish adj. 残忍的；贪婪的；狼似的woman [5wumEn] n. 妇女，成年女子word [wE:d] n. ①词，词语‖②言语，话‖③谈话‖④消息，信息【例句】May I say a word about that?我可以就此说说我的看法吗？【词组】have a word with sb.和某人谈谈in a word简言之，总之，一句话in other words换句话说，也就是说keep one’s word遵守诺言leave word留言word for word逐字地【助记】我的(这些单词都是我创造的) 字；词work [wE:k] n. ①工作，事‖②职业，业务‖③活儿，干出来的事‖④( pl. )著作，作品vi. ①工作‖②起作用，运转vt. ①使工作‖②使运转‖③操作【例句】①Should I call you at home or atwork?我该打电话到你家还是办公室？②I can’t work out how to do it. 我无法解答怎么做它。【词组】at work在工作中；从事于out of work失业work at/on从事work out①找到答案，解决‖②计算【派生】working n. 工作；活动；制作；操纵worker n. 工人；劳动者worker [5wE:kE] n. 劳动者，工作者，工人world [5w\:ld] n. ①世界‖②宇宙‖③界，领域‖④世人，众人【词组】in the world天下；究竟；到底out of thisworld极好；非凡a world of 很多；极大的not for theworld绝不on top oftheworld幸福到极点worlds apart天壤之别think the worldof对…极其看重或钦佩【派生】worldly adj. 世俗的；世间的；尘世的would [wud] aux.v. ①将‖②可能，大概，将会‖③总是，总会‖④宁愿【词组】would rather宁愿…也不；与其…不如would like to do想要做…would have（要不…）就会；应该write [rait] v. ①写，书写，写字‖②写作‖③写信(给)【词组】write down写下；记下；笔伐；贬低write off报废；勾销；注销write in写入；写信提出（请求等）；在选票上加写（非原定候选人的名字）write up写文章赞扬；提高资产等的账面价值；详细记载；补写write home about值得详述【派生】writing n. 书写；作品；著作writer [5raitE] n. 作者，作家【例句】Do you know who is the foremost writer in the English language? 你知道谁是最重要的英语作家吗？wrong [rCN] adj. ①错误的，不对的‖②不正常的，不好的‖③不合适的‖④不道德的，不正当的adv. 错误地，不正确，不对【例句】You wronged him by saying that he had lied. 你说他说谎是冤枉了他。【词组】be wrong with出毛病go wrong走错路；失败；出毛病；失常；堕落do wrong to中伤某人；冤枉某人in the wrong有错，负有责任【助记】容(宽容)，错误的【派生】wrongful adj. 不正当的；不讲道理的；不合法的wrongness n. 不正直；谬误；不公正Yyeah [jB:] adv. 是的，嗯year [jiE] n. ①年，一年‖②年度‖③学年adj. 每年的，一年一次的adv. 每年，一年一度地【例句】I’m feeling my years. 我觉得年纪大了。【词组】all the year round一年到头year round 全年的【派生】yearly adj. 每年的yellow [5jelEu] adj. 黄的，黄色的n. 黄色【例句】We papered the room (in) yellow. 我们用黄色墙纸裱糊房间。【助记】音“叶漏”。解：神仙在天上，秋天看黄色的落叶飘下，说叶漏，叶漏。【派生】yellowish adj. 微黄色的，淡黄色的yes [jes] adv. 是，是的yesterday [5jestEdi] adv. & n. 昨天yet [jet] conj. 然而，不过adv. ①到目前为止，现在还‖②更‖③还，尚，仍然【例句】The end had not yet come. 结果还没出来。【词组】and yet然而，可是not yet也不；又不as yet到目前为止you [ju:,ju] pron. ①你，你们‖②一个人，任何人young [jQN] adj. 年轻的，青年的n. 年轻人【例句】The evening is still young. 暮色初临。【派生】youth n. 青年；青春；年轻；青少年时期youngster n. 年轻人；少年your [jC:] pron. [you的所有格]你的，你们的yours [jC:z] pron. [you的物主代词]你(们)的(所有物)yourself [jC:5self] pron. 你(们)自己，你(们)亲自Zzero [5ziErEu] num. 零n. 零点，零度【例句】His prospects were approaching zero. 他几乎没有希望。【搭配】a manager who was a total zero一个等于废物的经理zero shift零点迁移；zero current零位电流；零压电流；无电流zero defect零缺陷；零缺点；无差错below zero零度以下zoo [zu:] n. 动物园【例句】He saw some amazing sights at the zoo. 他在动物园里看到一些珍禽异兽。【助记】动物园里住着200（Zoo）种动物(利用外形记)